Figure 1.

Example of global atrial strain and SR curves for the extraction of peak values. The cycle starts at the end of the P-wave. PACS, peak atrial contraction strain; ACS, atrial conduit strain; ATS, atrial total strain; SR, strain rate; S, during systole; E, during the early filling phase; A, during atrial contraction. (a): EF ≥ 50%. EF, ejection fraction; ATS, atrial total strain; MV DT, mitral valve deceleration time. (b): EF < 50%. PACS, peak atrial contraction strain; LVSV, left ventricular stroke volume; ESV, end-systolic volume.