Table 4.

Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying coefficients: Associations of ADRD-related constructs with ADRD diagnosis during follow-up (N = 24,874)

ADRD Diagnosis	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4
	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]	HR [95% CI]
ADRD mentions	1.297** [1.127–1.493]	1.24* [1.011–1.52]	1.211 [0.949–1.544]	1.006 [0.714–1.416]
Memory loss	1.273** [1.164–1.394]	1.398** [1.24–1.578]	1.401** [1.218–1.611]	1.278* [1.065–1.535]
Motor issues¥	1.102* [1.036–1.171]
Hoarding and clutter¥	1.139* [1.033–1.255]
Uncooperative¥	1.235** [1.148–1.33]
Delusions or hallucinations¥	1.252* [1.022–1.535]
Agitation	1.337** [1.145–1.56]	1.18 [0.938–1.484]	1.004 [0.754–1.337]	1.8** [1.334–2.428]
Confusion	1.397** [1.24–1.575]	1.022 [0.845–1.235]	1.048 [0.84–1.307]	1.115 [0.846–1.47]
Poor/increased appetite	1.286* [1.091–1.517]	1.305* [1.038–1.642]	0.925 [0.678–1.262]	0.649 [0.415–1.013]
Executive function problems	1.173 [0.961–1.433]	1.212 [0.907–1.62]	1.015 [0.698–1.475]	0.523* [0.286–0.954]
Caregiver stress	1.695* [1.118–2.57]	0.325 [0.081–1.304]	1.399 [0.663–2.952]	0.345 [0.048–2.459]
Referrals for end-of-life care	1.408** [1.213–1.634]	1.193 [0.96–1.481]	0.909 [0.685–1.207]	1.191 [0.873–1.626]
ADRD-specific medications	1.258* [1.065–1.487]	1.206 [0.949–1.532]	1.129 [0.842–1.513]	1.009 [0.683–1.491]

Note: HR=hazard ratio. CI=confidence interval.

^*p<0.05.

^**p<0.001.

^¥Variable met the proportionality assumption and therefore did not have time-varying coefficients.