Table 4.

Adjusted effects of chronic placental inflammation on infant birthweight.

	Entire study population		Males		Females
	Mean difference in birthweight (g) [95% CI]		Mean difference in birthweight (g) [95% CI]		Mean difference in birthweight (g) [95% CI]
	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks) + sex	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks) + sex + placental weight (g)	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks)	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks) + placental weight (g)	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks)	Adjusted for gestational age (weeks) + placental weight (g)
All placental histopathology types absenta	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Chronic choriodeciduitis present	−112.4 [−203.9, −20.9]*	−77.2 [−148.3, −6.2]*	−69.9 [−188.9, 49.2]	−79.0 [−171.5, 13.5]	−166.8 [−309.9, −23.7]*	−77.3 [−189.0, 34.4]
Chronic villitis present	−88.3 [−146.0, −30.7]*	−35.9 [−82.1, 10.4]	−81.5 [−164.6, 1.5]	−74.7 [−138.8, −10.6]*	−95.0 [−175.6, −14.5]*	−2.6 [−69.7, 64.6]
Decidual plasma cells present	−93.4 [−197.2, 10.4]	−40.0 [−120.9, 42.9]	−94.9 [−227.2, 37.4]	−71.1 [−175.9, 33.6]	−92.0 [−258.6, 74.6]	10.2 [−121.2, 141.6]
Chronic inflammation of basal plate with anchoring villitis present	−90.8 [−164.0, −17.5]*	−33.6 [−90.6, 23.3]	−99.4 [−194.2, −4.5]*	−63.6 [−136.7, 9.5]	−78.2 [−193.8, 37.5]	11.0 [−79.7, 101.7]

^aDefined as the absence of all placental histopathology types: acute inflammation in maternal or fetal tissues, chronic placental inflammation, fetal vascular pathology or malperfusion, maternal uteroplacental vascular malperfusion, and villous dysmaturity.

^*p < 0.05