Figure 3.

Functional changes in hPSC-derived astrocytes following induction of reactivity

(A and B) Representative images of pHrodo particles engulfed by control and reactive astrocytes.

(C) The percentage of astrocytes that had engulfed pHrodo particles significantly increased from 16 to 48 h.

(D–F) Representative images of Fluo-4 AM-positive astrocytes following stimulation with ATP, and (F) quantification demonstrating a significant decrease in fluorescence intensity in reactive astrocytes compared to control cells. ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test or by two-tailed paired Student’s t test, in (C) and (F), respectively.

(G) Meso Scale Discovery analysis showed an increased secretion of inflammatory factors by reactive astrocytes compared to control astrocytes. Two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test with Welch’s correction. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001. Data represent mean values ±SEM. Scale bar represents 100 μm in (B) and 30 μm in (E).