Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Author | Publication Year | Country | Study Design | Participants | Age, years | Male (%) | Follow-up time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allez et al. (30) | 2019 | France | Prospective cohort | 57 CD | Mean: 37.4 (range: 20–70) | 32 (56) | Median: 6.9 months |
| Amini et al. (23) | 2017 | Iran | Prospective cohort | 34 CD, 13 UC | CD: 38.7 ± 14.6; UC: 38.7 ± 14.6 | UC: 7 (53.8); CD: 18 (52.9) | 14 weeks |
| Andreu-Ballester et al. (26) | 2020 | Spain | Prospective cohort | 102 CD | 39.1 ± 13.9 | 57 (55.9) | – |
| Boschetti et al. (25) | 2016 | France | Prospective cohort | 25 CD | – | – | 12 months |
| Chao et al. (27) | 2014 | China | Prospective cohort | 46 CD | Mean: 28 (range: 11–59) | 29 (63.0) | Median: 30 (range: 26–37) months |
| Coletta et al. (34) | 2020 | Italy | Prospective cohort | 18 CD, 20 UC | CD: 42 ± 13; UC: 45 ± 15 | CD: 14 (77.8); UC: 12 (60.0) | 14 weeks |
| Dai et al. (24) | 2017 | China | Retrospective cohort | 65 CD | Complicated CD: 24.55 ± 5.79; control CD: 28.56 ± 7.13 | 46 (70.8) | 30 weeks |
| Di Sabatino et al. (20) | 2010 | Italy | Prospective cohort | 20 CD | Mean: 32.7 (range: 20–64) | 11 (55) | 10 weeks |
| Dige et al. (16) | 2011 | Denmark | Prospective cohort | 26 CD | – | 14 (53.8) | 26 weeks |
| Duclaux-Loras et al. (29) | 2022 | France | Prospective cohort | 113 CD | Mean: 38.3 (range: 18.1-79.1) | 44 (38.9) | 1 year |
| Dulic et al. (22) | 2020 | Hungary | Prospective cohort | 16 CD, 16 UC | CD: mean, 30 (range: 18–48); UC: 42 (20–65) | CD: 9 (56.3); UC: 9 (56.3) | CD: 35 (16–47) months; UC: 24 (2–46) months |
| Gaujoux et al. (18) | 2019 | Israel | Prospective cohort | 72 IBD | – | – | 14 weeks |
| Gonzalez-Vivo et al. (35) | 2022 | Spain | Prospective cohort | 15 UC | Remitters: median, 45 (IQR: 31.5–66); nonremitters: 41.5 (33.5–52.8) | 8 (53.3) | 14 weeks |
| Kotsafti et al. (31) | 2019 | Hungary | Prospective cohort | 90 UC | – | – | Median: 17 (IQR: 12–25) months |
| Li et al. (21) | 2015 | Belgium | Prospective cohort | 40 IBD | – | – | 14 to 22 weeks |
| Magnusson et al. (17) | 2013 | Sweden | Prospective cohort | 32 UC | Responders: median, 33 (IQR: 27–40); non-responder: 35 (23–46) | 22 (68.8) | 3 - 4 months |
| Shi et al. (19) | 2021 | China | Prospective cohort | 139 IBD | – | – | 4–6 weeks |
| Smids et al. (28) | 2018 | Netherlands | Prospective cohort | 77 CD, 33 UC | – | – | > 1 year |
| Ungar et al. (32) | 2018 | Israel | Prospective cohort | 39 IBD | – | – | 14 weeks |
| Verstockt et al. (33) | 2020 | Belgium | Prospective cohort | 11 CD, 20 UC | Median: 45.3 (IQR: 29.6–56.3) | 14 (45.2) | CD: 6 months; UC: 14 weeks |
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CD, Crohn’s disease; IQR, interquartile range; UC, ulcerative colitis.