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. 2024 Aug 20;15:1403420. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403420

Table 3.

Lymphocyte subsets for predicting therapy response to anti-tumor necrosis factor agents.

Lymphocyte subsets Samples Participants Biologics Definition of response Predictive value References
Transmembrane TNF-α bearing lymphocytes Blood at baseline 34 CD, 13 UC IFX Endoscopic response For mean fluorescence intensity, AUC: 0.827 (95% CI, 0.695–0.960; P<0.001) Amini et al. (23)
CD4+CD45RO cells Blood at baseline 16 CD IFX/ADA Clinical response AUC: 1.0 (P = 0.03) Dulic et al. (22)
CD4+HLADR cells Blood at baseline 16 CD IFX/ADA Clinical response Pearson’s r: 0.50 (P = 0.058) Dulic et al. (22)
CD4+ cells Blood at baseline 16 UC IFX/ADA Clinical response AUC: 0.85 (P= 0.08) Dulic et al. (22)
Th2 cells Blood at baseline 16 UC IFX/ADA Clinical response Pearson’s r: 0.59 (P = 0.03) Dulic et al. (22)
Th17 cells Blood at baseline 16 UC IFX/ADA Clinical response Pearson’s r: 0.61 (P = 0.03) Dulic et al. (22)
CD8+HLADR cells Blood at baseline 16 UC IFX/ADA Clinical response Pearson’s r: 0.59 (P = 0.06) Dulic et al. (22)
Treg cells Blood at baseline 20 CD IFX Clinical response The mean percentage of Treg was lower in responders than non-responders (2.6% ± 1.1 vs. 7.3% ± 1.8; P < 0.0001) Di Sabatino et al. (20)
Treg cells Blood at baseline 26 CD ADA Clinical response The mean percentage of Treg was higher in responders than non-responders (4.0% [IQR 3.9–4.1%] vs. 5.1% [IQR 4.6–6.4%]; P =0.005) Dige et al. (16)
Treg cells Blood at baseline 40 IBD IFX Clinical response AUC: 0.82 (P = 0.0001) Li et al. (21)
CD45RA+Foxp3lo resting Treg cells Blood at baseline 40 IBD IFX Clinical response AUC: 0.81 (P = 0.001) Li et al. (21)
CD45RA-Foxp3hi-activated Treg cells Blood at baseline 40 IBD IFX Clinical response AUC:0.74 (P = 0.015) Li et al. (21)
Type 1 regulatory-like T cells Blood at baseline 40 IBD IFX Clinical response AUC: 0.73 (P = 0.02) Li et al. (21)
CD25+CD4+ T cells Blood at week 2 and baseline 34 UC IFX Clinical response AUC: 0.92 Magnusson et al. (17)
CD25+CD8+ T cells Blood at week 2 and baseline 34 UC IFX Clinical response AUC: 0.91 Magnusson et al. (17)
Plasma cells Biopsy at baseline 72 IBD IFX Clinical and/or endoscopic improvement Exploring cohort: AUC=0.81
External validation cohort: AUC=0.74
Gaujoux et al. (18)
GIMATS (IgG plasma cells, inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes, activated T cells, and stromal cells) Biopsy at baseline 139 IBD IFX/ADA Endoscopic response Microarray dataset: AUC = 0.853 (95%CI: 0.778-0.928)
RNA-seq dataset: AUC = 0.720 (95%CI: 0.559-0.881)
Shi et al. (19)

IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; IQR, interquartile range; Treg cell, regulatory T cell; HLADR, human leukocyte antigen DR; IFX, infliximab; ADA, adalimumab.