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. 2024 Aug 20;12:1437613. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1437613

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Copyright © 2024 Atkinson-Leadbeater, Bertolesi and McFarlane.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model of vision-mediated melanophore differentiation. At stage 40 (top), as the visual system becomes functional, four related perioptic melanophores exist: 1) differentiated pigment+/tyrp1+, 2) differentiating tyrp1+/pigment-, 3) immature tyrp1-/pigment-awaiting a signal to differentiate, and 4) de-differentiating tyrp1-/pigment+. Light on a white background (bottom left) produces a small increase in pigmented cells, but tyrp1+ cells (pigmented and non-pigmented) decrease. Light on a black background (or 24 h enucleation; bottom right) dramatically increases pigmented and tyrp1+ melanophores. A black background drives differentiation of the tyrp1-/pigment-population into mature pigmented melanophores.