Table 1.
Characterization of transwomen and transmen before initiated treatment (T00), after gonadal downregulation (T0), 3 months (T3) and 11 months (T11) after gender-affirming hormonal treatment was started
| Time | T00 | T0 | T3 | T11 | T00 vs T0 | T00 vs T3 | T00 vs T11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p-value | p-value | p-value | |
| Transwomen | |||||||
| Age (years) | 26 (24–27) | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 67 (64–80) | 65 (63–84) | 68 (64–83) | 73 (66–85) | 0.94 | 0.38 | 0.07 |
| Height (cm) | 180 (175–183) | ||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.7 (19.5–24.7) | 20.4 (19.3–25.4) | 21.4 (19.9–25.2) | 21.9 (20.6–25.4) | 0.81 | 0.48 | 0.06 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 (4.9–5.6) | 5.2 (5.1–5.4) | 5.1 (4.9–5.3) | 5.1 (5.0–5.3) | 0.76 | 0.15 | 0.64 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 7.6 (6.1–9.6) | 6.9 (5.4–11.0) | 7.3 (4.6–9.9) | 9.4 (5.7–12.0) | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.16 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.86 (1.52–2.09) | 1.56 (1.27–2.35) | 1.61 (1.05–2.34) | 2.06 (1.37–2.91) | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.31 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.8 (3.4–4.4) | 4.1 (3.5–4.5) | 3.7 (3.0–4.7) | 3.8 (3.5–4.2) | 0.06 | 0.72 | 0.41 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.5 (1.2–1.7) | 1.4 (1.3–1.9) | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 0.83 | 0.05 | 0.98 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.0 (1.7–2.8) | 2.3 (1.7–2.9) | 1.6 (1.3–1.6) | 2.1 (1.6–2.4) | 0.31 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.7 (0.6–1.1) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.14 | 0.81 | 0.90 |
| Estradiol (pmol/L) | 77 (61–110) | 16 (10–45) | 232 (199–568) | 442 (237–575) | 0.28 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Testosterone (nmol/L) | 19 (18–22) | 0.5 (0.3–0.6) | 0.4 (0.4–0.8) | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/L) | 41 (34–52) | 70 (48–84) | 57 (42–79) | 0.004 | 0.008 | ||
| Transmen | |||||||
| Age (years) | 24 (22–29) | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 59 (51–87) | 60 (50–83) | 65 (54–83) | 67 (58–80) | 0.67 | 0.77 | 0.93 |
| Height (cm) | 167 (164–171) | ||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.7 (19.6–32.9) | 20.7 (18.9–29.5) | 22.1 (20.1–29.8) | 22.9 (20.7–27.7) | 0.54 | 0.90 | 0.95 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.1 (4.9–5.3) | 5.1 (4.9–5.5) | 5.2 (5.0–5.6) | 5.3 (5.1–5.5) | 1.00 | 0.18 | 0.07 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 8.8 (6.3–13.5) | 7.6 (5.7–13.5) | 8.4 (6.8–10.5) | 8.6 (6.4–11) | 0.87 | 0.51 | 0.65 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.00 (1.45–3.23) | 1.81 (1.20–3.23) | 1.94 (1.55–2.71) | 2.09 (1.52–5.34) | 0.80 | 0.62 | 0.95 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.1 (3.6–4.6) | 4.3 (4.0–4.6) | 4.2 (3.6–4.6) | 3.9 (3.3–4.4) | 0.10 | 0.48 | 0.46 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 1.8 (1.2–2.1) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.4) | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.0002 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.5–2.8) | 2.2 (1.8–2.7) | 2.2 (2.0–2.7) | 2.1 (1.6–2.7) | 0.15 | 0.89 | 0.98 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
| Estradiol (pmol/L) | 390 (218–603) | 24 (13–40) | 124 (76–187) | 183 (143–248) | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | <0.0001 |
| Testosterone (nmol/L) | 1 (0.6–1.4) | 0.9 (0.5–1.1) | 21 (14–27) | 21 (18–29) | 0.95 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/L) | 67 (43–101) | 35 (26–45) | 24 (19–39) | 0.002 | 0.0005 | ||