Table 2.
Pooled mean estimates of WPAI outcomes and indirect costs.
| WPAI outcome | No. of studies | Pooled mean estimate [%] [95% CI] | Heterogeneity [I2] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absenteeism | |||
| Total IBD | 27 | 16.4 [13.9-18.9] | 95.5 |
| CD only | 13 | 18.9 [14.9-22.9] | 93.3 |
| UC only | 13 | 16.5 [13.0-20.1] | 95.4 |
| Presenteeism | |||
| Total IBD | 27 | 35.9 [31.1-40.7] | 98.8 |
| CD only | 13 | 41.3 [37.2-45.5] | 94.9 |
| UC only | 13 | 33.6 [27.8-39.5] | 98.3 |
| Overall work impairment | |||
| Total IBD | 27 | 39.4 [33.9-44.9] | 98.9 |
| CD only | 13 | 45.5 [40.0-50.9] | 96.5 |
| UC only | 12 | 38.0 [30.9-45.2] | 98.6 |
| Non-work activity impairment | |||
| Total IBD | 24 | 46.0 [39.5-52.5] | 99.4 |
| CD only | 12 | 52.6 [49.0-56.3] | 95.7 |
| UC only | 11 | 40.8 [32.2-49.5] | 99.3 |
| Indirect costsa | No. of studies | Pooled mean estimate [95% CI] [euro/patient/year] | Heterogeneity [I2] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absenteeism | |||
| Total IBD | 8 | 1,813.9 [907.8-2720.2] | 98 |
| CD only | 3 | 1,541.2 [955.1-2127.4] | 79.1 |
| UC only | 3 | 1,170.5 [395.8-1945.1] | 97.7 |
| Presenteeism | |||
| Total IBD | 6 | 3,562.5 [1,409.4-5,715.6] | 99.3 |
| Overall work impairment | |||
| Total IBD | 5 | 5,131.1 [800.9-9,461.3] | 99.9 |
WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; CD, Crohn’s disease.
aThere were not enough studies to determine pooled estimates of indirect costs separately for CD and UC with regards to presenteeism and overall work impairment.