Table 1.

Characteristics of districts before and after the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM).

	Before SBM (pre-2015)		SBM (2015 onwards)
	Mean/%	[95% CI]	Mean/%	[95% CI]
Infant mortality rate (per 1000)	38.3	[37.1, 39.4]	32.1	[31.1, 33.2]
Under 5 mortality rate (per 1000)	41.1	[39.9, 42.4]	33.2	[32.1, 34.3]
Cumulative households covered under SBM, %	0.0	[0.0, 0.0]	23.0	[22.3, 23.8]
Mean child birth-order, #	2.2	[2.1, 2.2]	2.0	[2.0, 2.1]
Women who completed 10 or more years of schooling	32.7	[31.9, 33.4]	42.8	[42.1, 43.6]
Women who are Hindu	72.9	[71.8, 74.0]	73.1	[72.0, 74.1]
Women who are Muslim	14.4	[13.7, 15.2]	14.0	[13.3, 14.7]
Women who are Scheduled caste	19.3	[18.8, 19.8]	20.6	[20.1, 21.1]
Women who are Scheduled tribes	19.4	[18.3, 20.5]	19.5	[18.5, 20.5]
Women who are other disadvantaged groups	37.7	[36.8, 38.6]	37.2	[36.4, 38.0]
Women who received 4 or more antenatal care visits from a skilled provider	49.6	[48.6, 50.7]	56.0	[55.2, 56.8]
Women who delivered in a hospital	78.4	[77.7, 79.1]	88.3	[87.8, 88.8]
Children who received BCG vaccination	89.3	[88.9, 89.8]	90.9	[90.5, 91.3]
Urban households	25.7	[24.8, 26.5]	25.0	[24.2, 25.8]
Households with health insurance	24.9	[24.1, 25.8]	37.5	[36.6, 38.3]
Mean number of individuals residing in households	6.0	[6.0, 6.0]	5.9	[5.9, 5.9]
Mean household wealth score	2.6	[2.6, 2.6]	3.0	[3.0, 3.1]
Households with clean cooking fuel	34.5	[33.6, 35.4]	47.9	[47.0, 48.8]
Households with piped water	43.8	[42.6, 44.9]	45.7	[44.8, 46.7]
Observations (district-years)	2560		3247

Data are from the National Family Health Survey waves 4 and 5.