Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of the Study Sample According to the Use of Long-Term Care Insurance Services After Imputation (n = 8 429)
| Using LTCI Services | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | No | Yes | |||
| n (%a) | %b | %b | p Valuec | ||
| Dental preventive visit | No | 5 401 (64.1) | 81.5 | 18.5 | .007 |
| Yes | 3 028 (35.9) | 83.9 | 16.1 | ||
| Dental treatment visit | No | 4 013 (47.6) | 80.8 | 19.2 | <.001 |
| Yes | 4 416 (52.4) | 83.8 | 16.2 | ||
| Dental preventive or treatment visit | No | 3 680 (43.7) | 79.9 | 20.1 | <.001 |
| Yes | 4 749 (56.3) | 84.2 | 15.8 | ||
| Sex | Men | 3 883 (46.1) | 83.8 | 16.2 | .001 |
| Women | 4 546 (53.9) | 81.1 | 18.9 | ||
| Age | 65–69 | 2 555 (30.3) | 94.8 | 5.2 | <.001 |
| 70–74 | 2 477 (29.4) | 91.3 | 8.7 | ||
| 75–79 | 1 880 (22.3) | 76.2 | 23.8 | ||
| 80–84 | 1 033 (12.3) | 59.3 | 40.7 | ||
| ≥85 | 484 (5.7) | 44.4 | 55.6 | ||
| Number of teeth | ≥20 teeth | 3 212 (38.1) | 87.5 | 12.5 | <.001 |
| 10–19 teeth | 2 238 (26.6) | 83.9 | 16.1 | ||
| 1–9 teeth | 2 055 (24.4) | 78.2 | 21.8 | ||
| 0 teeth | 924 (11.0) | 70.3 | 29.7 | ||
| Marital status | No partner | 2 354 (27.9) | 74.4 | 25.6 | <.001 |
| Having partner | 6 075 (72.1) | 85.4 | 14.6 | ||
| BMI | <18.5 | 599 (7.1) | 75.1 | 24.9 | <.001 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 6 069 (72.0) | 82.7 | 17.3 | ||
| ≥25.0 | 1 761 (20.9) | 83.7 | 16.3 | ||
| Education level | <9 years | 3 622 (43.0) | 79.1 | 20.9 | <.001 |
| 10–12 years | 3 197 (37.9) | 84.0 | 16.0 | ||
| ≥13 years | 1 610 (19.1) | 86.3 | 13.7 | ||
| Income (Million yen) | <1.00 | 1 367 (16.2) | 74.3 | 25.7 | <.001 |
| 1.00–1.99 | 2 814 (33.4) | 83.8 | 16.2 | ||
| 2.00–2.99 | 1 973 (23.4) | 83.5 | 16.5 | ||
| 3.00–3.99 | 1 272 (15.1) | 85.2 | 14.8 | ||
| ≥4.00 | 1 003 (11.9) | 83.4 | 16.6 | ||
| Walking time | <30 min | 2 895 (34.3) | 75.7 | 24.3 | <.001 |
| 30–59 min | 2 925 (34.7) | 83.5 | 16.5 | ||
| 60–89 min | 1 302 (15.4) | 85.3 | 14.7 | ||
| ≥90 min | 1 307 (15.5) | 91.5 | 8.5 | ||
| Drinking status | Current | 3 090 (36.7) | 87.3 | 12.7 | <.001 |
| Past | 265 (3.1) | 80.8 | 19.2 | ||
| Never | 5 074 (60.2) | 79.4 | 20.6 | ||
| Smoking status | Current | 929 (11.0) | 81.2 | 18.8 | <.001 |
| Past | 2 417 (28.7) | 85.2 | 14.8 | ||
| Never | 5 083 (60.3) | 81.2 | 18.8 | ||
| Depression (Geriatric Depression scale) | <5 | 6 031 (71.6) | 84.5 | 15.5 | <.001 |
| 5–9 | 1 778 (21.1) | 78.0 | 22.0 | ||
| ≥10 | 620 (7.4) | 73.9 | 26.1 | ||
| Hypertension | No | 4 036 (47.9) | 81.7 | 18.3 | .153 |
| Yes | 4 393 (52.1) | 82.9 | 17.1 | ||
| Diabetes | No | 7 289 (86.5) | 82.8 | 17.2 | .010 |
| Yes | 1 140 (13.5) | 79.6 | 20.4 | ||
| Cancer | No | 8 062 (95.6) | 82.6 | 17.4 | .007 |
| Yes | 367 (4.4) | 77.1 | 22.9 | ||
| Stroke | No | 8 333 (98.9) | 82.5 | 17.5 | .030 |
| Yes | 96 (1.1) | 74.0 | 26.0 | ||
| Heart diseases | No | 7 403 (87.8) | 83.2 | 16.8 | <.001 |
| Yes | 1 026 (12.2) | 76.3 | 23.7 | ||
| Medical checkup | Within a year | 5 314 (63.0) | 84.4 | 15.6 | <.001 |
| Within 2–3 years | 968 (11.5) | 83.2 | 16.8 | ||
| ≥4 years | 822 (9.8) | 79.7 | 20.3 | ||
| None | 1 325 (15.7) | 75.3 | 24.7 | ||
| Regions | A | 1 103 (13.1) | 77.2 | 22.8 | <.001 |
| B | 552 (6.5) | 86.2 | 13.8 | ||
| C | 773 (9.2) | 84.9 | 15.1 | ||
| D | 2 635 (31.3) | 84.7 | 15.3 | ||
| E | 846 (10.0) | 81.4 | 18.6 | ||
| F | 1 545 (18.3) | 80.8 | 19.2 | ||
| G | 975 (11.6) | 81.0 | 19.0 | ||
| Total | 8 429 (100.0) | 82.4 | 17.6 | ||
Notes: BMI = body mass index; LTCI = long-term care insurance.
aColumn percentage.
bRow percentage.
cPearson’s χ2 test.