Fig. 4.

Polyfunctionality of CD8⁺ T cells to the FLS and N proteins of WT SARS-CoV-2. (a) Comparisons of the polyfunctional profiles of CD8⁺ T cells to the FLS and N proteins of WT SARS-CoV-2 in HIV-uninfected women and WLWH. Each participant is represented by an individual point, and medians in each group are indicated by horizontal lines. (b) Each response pattern is colour-coded, and median response data are summarized in pie charts. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used for comparing unpaired CD8⁺ T-cell responses of positive responders between HIV-uninfected women and WLWH. Only significant response differences are indicated (p < 0.05). (c) Correlations between FLS- and N-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses according to IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (two-sided) was used to determine the P and r (correlation coefficient) values. Linear regression lines are indicated with 95% confidence interval lines. Denotations: HIV− HIV-uninfected women, IFN-γ interferon gamma, IL-2 interleukin 2, N nucleocapsid protein, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, WLWH women living with HIV, WT wild-type (ancestral) SARS-CoV-2.