TABLE 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics for the study patients.
| Total patients | 1:3 Propensity‐matched patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior‐failed‐attempt | Initial‐attempt | P value | Initial‐attempt | P value | |
| (n = 49) | (n = 435) | (n = 147) | |||
| Age (years) | 60 (52, 66) | 64 (56.5, 71.5) | 0.064 | 62.1 ± 12.11 | 0.964 |
| Male gender | 40 (81.6) | 362 (83.2) | 0.936 | 124 (84.4) | 0.823 |
| Current smoker | 21 (42.9) | 188 (43.3) | 1.000 | 65 (44.2) | 1.000 |
| Hypertension | 33 (67.3) | 309 (71.2) | 0.692 | 100 (68.0) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 19 (38.8) | 211 (48.6) | 0.247 | 65 (44.2) | 0.617 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 35 (71.4) | 275 (63.4) | 0.338 | 101 (68.7) | 0.858 |
| Previous MI | 15 (30.6) | 106 (24.4) | 0.439 | 44 (29.9) | 1.000 |
| Indication of CTO PCI | 0.309 | 0.157 | |||
| Stable angina | 14 (28.6) | 113 (27.9) | 44 (29.9) | ||
| ACS | 15 (48.3) | 235 (54.0) | 88 (59.9) | ||
| Ischemia without symptoms | 0 | 34 (7.8) | 11 (7.5) | ||
| Other | 20 (40.8) | 53 (12.2) | 4 (2.7) | ||
| LDL‐C (mmol/L) | 1.98 (1.45, 2.76) | 2.14 (1.71, 2.69) | 0.102 | 2.07 (1.71, 2.67) | 0.349 |
| eGFR(mL·min−1·1.73−1) | 94.72 (76.38, 107.72) | 93.48 (77.63, 110.33) | 0.922 | 95.39 ± 24.6 | 0.787 |
| LVEF (%) | 57.9 ± 10.5 | 52.2 ± 12.7 | 0.055 | 56.4 ± 12.2 | 0.250 |
| HFrEF | 10 (20.4) | 48 (11.0) | 0.055 | 23 (15.6) | 0.440 |
| Medication | |||||
| Aspirin | 30 (96.8) | 404 (99.3) | 0.255 | 146 (99.3) | 0.438 |
| lopidogrel | 24 (77.4) | 326 (80.3) | 0.878 | 118 (80.3) | 1.000 |
| Ticagrelor | 3 (9.7) | 70 (17.2) | 0.402 | 27 (18.4) | 0.067 |
| Statins | 30 (96.8) | 399 (98.3) | 0.448 | 146 (99.3) | 0.155 |
Note: Values are mean ± SD, n (%), n/N (%), or median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CTO, chronic total occlusion; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF < 40%); ISR, in‐stent restenosis; LDL‐c, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.