TABLE 2.
Angiographic, procedural characteristics and 24‐month outcomes for the patients.
| Total population | 1:3 Propensity‐matched patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior‐failed‐attempt | Initial‐attempt | P value | Initial‐attempt | P value | |
| (n = 49) | (n = 435) | (n = 147) | |||
| Angiographic characteristics | |||||
| Multi‐vessel disease | 43 (87.8) | 388 (89.2) | 0.948 | 126 (85.7) | 0.905 |
| LM disease | 5 (10.2) | 24 (5.5) | 0.199 | 5 (3.4) | 0.125 |
| Target CTO vessel | 0.123 | 0.634 | |||
| LAD | 25 (51) | 173 (39.8) | 75 (51) | ||
| LCX | 4 (8.2) | 82 (18.9) | 7 (4.8) | ||
| RCA | 20 (40.8) | 180 (41.4) | 65 (44.2) | ||
| Syntax score | 19.5 (16.5, 24.5) | 23.25 (17.0, 30.5) | 0.028 | 22.5 (16.0, 28.5) | 0.235 |
| J‐CTO score ≥2 | 31 (77.5) | 175 (41.1) | <0.001 | 57 (38.8) | <0.001 |
| Rentrop grade 3 | 21 (52.5) | 200 (46.9) | 0.612 | 80 (54.4) | 0.62 |
| ISR CTO | 9 (18.4) | 75 (17.2) | 1.000 | 28 (19) | 1.000 |
| Procedural characteristics | |||||
| Femoral artery access | 21 (49.0) | 90 (20.5) | <0.001 | 41 (27.9) | 0.009 |
| Dual injection | 28 (57.1) | 207 (47.6) | 0.204 | 62 (42.2) | 0.069 |
| Retrograde approach | 16 (32.7) | 76 (17.5) | 0.010 | 5 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| IVUS procedure | 11 (22.4) | 64 (14.8) | 0.235 | 28 (19) | 0.757 |
| Contrast volume (mL) | 319.5 ± 121.8 | 244.1 ± 74.0 | 0.192 | 258.6 ± 69.4 | 0.284 |
| Fluoroscopy time (min) | 66.8 ± 33.4 | 41.1 ± 26.4 | 0.067 | 46.7 ± 28.7 | 0.218 |
| Type of intervention | 0.549 | 0.083 | |||
| Stent implantation | 22 (84.6) | 309 (90.4) | 117 (95.9) | ||
| Balloon PTCA | 4 (15.4) | 33 (9.6) | 5 (4.1) | ||
| Successful CTO revascularization | 26 (53.1) | 342 (78.6) | <0.001 | 122 (83.3) | <0.001 |
| Non‐CTO lesion PCI | 9 (18.8) | 167 (38.7) | 0.01 | 55 (37.4) | 0.044 |
| CR | 13 (26.5) | 203 (46.7) | 0.011 | 76 (51.7) | 0.004 |
| Major procedural complications | 1 (2.0) | 10 (2.3) | 1.000 | 1 (0.7) | 0.438 |
| Acute stent thrombosis | 0 (0) | 3 (0.7) | 1.000 | 1 (0.7) | 1.000 |
| Cardiac death | 0 (0) | 4 (0.9) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | — |
| TVR | 2 (4.1) | 48 (11.0) | 0.130 | 12 (8.2) | 0.522 |
| MACE | 2 (4.1) | 56 (12.9) | 0.072 | 13 (8.8) | 0.438 |
| MACE in successful CTO revascularization population | 1/26 (3.8) | 40/342 (11.7) | 0.366 | 10/122 (8.2) | 0.722 |
Note: Values are mean ± SD, n (%), n/N (%), or median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: CR, complete revascularization; CTO, chronic total occlusion; ISR, in‐stent restenosis; J‐CTO, Japanese‐CTO; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex; LM, left main; MACE, major adverse cardiac event; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention;RCA, right coronary artery; TVR, target vessel revascularization.