Figure 3.

First‐line management of HIV–PBL. Purple: algorithm title; blue: systemic anticancer therapy or their combination; turquoise: non‐systemic anticancer therapies or combination of treatment modalities; white: other aspects of management and non‐treatment aspects; dashed lines: optional therapy. ASCT, autologous stem‐cell transplantation; CHOP, cyclophosphamide–doxorubicin–vincristine–prednisone; CODOX‐M, rituximab–cyclophosphamide–vincristine–doxorubicin–methotrexate; EMA, European Medicines Agency; EPOCH, etoposide–prednisone–vincristine–cyclophosphamide–doxorubicin; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; HIV–PBL, human immunodeficiency virus‐associated plasmablastic lymphoma; hyper‐CVAD, hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide–vincristine–doxorubicin–dexamethasone; IVAC, ifosfamide–etoposide–cytarabine; PBL, plasmablastic lymphoma; RT, radiotherapy. ^aNot EMA or FDA approved for the treatment of PBL.