Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants across the 3 baseline eGFR groups (n=358,293)
| Characteristics | Overall | eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 (eGFR≥90, n=114,986) | Group 2 (60≤eGFR<90, n=208,708) | Group 3 (eGFR<60, n=34,599) | p-value1 | ||
| Person-years (total) | 3,470,426.78 | 1,127,480.18 | 2,021,331.03 | 321,615.57 | |
| Person-years (average) | 9.69±1.55 | 9.81±1.29 | 9.68±1.54 | 9.30±2.17 | <0.001 |
| Age (yr) | 58.77±8.94 | 56.13±6.66 | 59.26±9.23 | 64.62±10.43 | <0.001 |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 194,063 (54.2) | 58,894 (51.2) | 117,031 (56.1) | 18,138 (52.4) | |
| Female | 164,230 (45.8) | 56,092 (48.8) | 91,677 (43.9) | 16,461 (47.6) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.01±2.92 | 23.86±2.93 | 24.06±2.90 | 24.24±3.03 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125.29±15.27 | 124.38±15.05 | 125.39±15.26 | 127.65±15.76 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 77.58±9.96 | 77.32±10.02 | 77.67±9.91 | 77.91±10.04 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 200.07±37.68 | 198.52±37.08 | 200.92±37.56 | 200.14±40.10 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 117 (83-169) | 113 (79-163) | 118 (84-170) | 127 (91-182) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 55.27±30.93 | 55.83±29.95 | 54.39±23.81 | 58.80±59.06 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 118.62±38.16 | 117.31±38.84 | 119.38±37.75 | 118.41±38.25 | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 100.99±25.25 | 100.21±25.18 | 100.79±24.44 | 104.81±29.57 | <0.001 |
| SCr (mg/dL) | 1.09±1.33 | 0.73±0.13 | 0.96±0.15 | 3.07±3.71 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 80.89±19.40 | 100.10±7.99 | 76.79±8.23 | 41.79±20.45 | <0.001 |
| Urine protein level | <0.001 | ||||
| Normal | 338,290 (94.9) | 109,735 (95.7) | 197,817 (95.1) | 30,738 (89.6) | |
| Trace | 8,352 (2.3) | 2,452 (2.1) | 4,659 (2.2) | 1,241 (3.6) | |
| 1+ | 6,582 (1.8) | 1,728 (1.5) | 3,622 (1.7) | 1,232 (3.6) | |
| ≥2+ | 3,669 (1.0) | 783 (0.7) | 1,804 (0.9) | 1,082 (3.2) | |
| AST (U/L) | 24 (20-29) | 23 (20-29) | 24 (20-29) | 24 (20-29) | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 21 (16-29) | 21 (16-29) | 21 (16-29) | 20 (15-27) | <0.001 |
| GGT (U/L) | 24 (17-40) | 24 (16-41) | 25 (17-40) | 24 (17-38) | <0.001 |
| Smoking amount (pack-years) | 7.52±13.83 | 7.37±13.62 | 7.65±13.87 | 7.16±14.26 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | <0.001 | ||||
| Never smoker | 227,475 (64.7) | 73,908 (65.5) | 130,661 (63.8) | 22,906 (67.4) | |
| Former smoker | 63,739 (18.1) | 18,208 (16.1) | 39,078 (19.1) | 6,453 (19.0) | |
| Current smoker | 60,346 (17.2) | 20,656 (18.3) | 35,088 (17.1) | 4,602 (13.5) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 49,034 (13.8) | 17,230 (15.1) | 28,250 (13.7) | 3,554 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity | 60,133 (17.0) | 18,953 (16.7) | 35,334 (17.2) | 5,846 (17.1) | 0.003 |
| COPD | 105,801 (29.5) | 30,876 (26.8) | 62,229 (29.8) | 12,696 (36.7) | <0.001 |
| Asthma | 71,392 (19.9) | 20,867 (18.1) | 41,885 (20.1) | 8,640 (25.0) | <0.001 |
| Development of lung cancer | 5,757 (1.6) | 1,519 (1.3) | 3,481 (1.7) | 757 (2.2) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as the mean±standard deviation, number (%), or median (interquartile range).
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; SCr, serum creatinine; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
1
Using analysis of variance for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables.