Table 3.

Criterion-referenced functional fitness standards in predicting physical independence in later years

Tests	60–64 years	65–69 years	70–74 years	75–79 years	80–84 years	#Decline%
30-s Arm curl test (reps.)
Men	28	22	19	17	14	50.0
Women	23	20	18	17	14	39.1
30-s Chair stand test (reps.)
Men	19	18	16	15	13	31.6
Women	18	17	16	14	13	27.8
8-ft up-and-go test (s)
Men	5.0	5.6	6.0	6.8	7.8	37.5
Women	4.5	5.7	6.2	7.2	8.2	43.8
2-min Step test (reps.)
Men	114	104	98	90	78	31.6
Women	102	98	97	88	78	23.5

^#The absolute difference between the 60–64 years group and the 80–84 years group divided by the value of the 60–64 years group (or the 80–84 years group for the 8-ft up-and-go test)