Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with diabetes. Categorical variables presented as proportions. Continuous variables presented as mean and standard deviation for age, weight, height, BMI, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure; and as median and interquartile range for age started smoking, number of cigarettes per day, and HbA1c. HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin, BMI: body mass index
| Women (n = 15,975) | Men (n = 8,225) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current smokers (n = 2,753) | Current smokers (n = 3,796) | |||||||||
| Characteristics | Never smokers | Former smokers | Non-daily smokers | < 10 cigarettes/d | ≥ 10 cigarettes/d | Never smokers | Former smokers | Non-daily smokers | < 10 cigarettes/d | ≥ 10 cigarettes/d |
| No. of participants | 10,724 (67.13%) | 2498 (15.64%) | 1086 (6.8%) | 1294 (8.1%) | 373 (2.33%) | 1554 (18.89%) | 2875 (34.95%) | 1167 (14.19%) | 1648 (20.04%) | 981 (11.93%) |
| Mean age | 59.06 (± 11.88) | 58.26 (± 11.91) | 51.47 (± 10.32) | 53.02 (± 11.19) | 52.65 (± 10.35) | 58.62 (± 12.3) | 61.45 (± 11.67) | 52.98 (± 10.94) | 55.38 (± 11.21) | 54.62 (± 10.45) |
| Coyoacán (%) | 3112 (29.02%) | 827 (33.11%) | 329 (30.29%) | 430 (33.23%) | 123 (32.98%) | 514 (33.08%) | 1026 (35.69%) | 389 (33.33%) | 629 (38.17%) | 383 (39.04%) |
| University (%) | 327 (3.05%) | 151 (6.04%) | 64 (5.89%) | 94 (7.26%) | 35 (9.38%) | 254 (16.34%) | 410 (14.26%) | 193 (16.54%) | 217 (13.17%) | 184 (18.76%) |
| High school (%) | 1184 (11.04%) | 407 (16.29%) | 230 (21.18%) | 285 (22.02%) | 87 (23.32%) | 323 (20.79%) | 528 (18.37%) | 272 (23.31%) | 397 (24.09%) | 225 (22.94%) |
| Elementary (%) | 6270 (58.47%) | 1410 (56.45%) | 643 (59.21%) | 716 (55.33%) | 211 (56.57%) | 774 (49.81%) | 1521 (52.9%) | 608 (52.1%) | 858 (52.06%) | 460 (46.89%) |
| Other (%) | 2943 (27.44%) | 530 (21.22%) | 149 (13.72%) | 199 (15.38%) | 40 (10.72%) | 203 (13.06%) | 416 (14.47%) | 94 (8.05%) | 176 (10.68%) | 112 (11.42%) |
| Age started smoking | – | 20 (17, 30) | 22.5 (18, 32) | 20 (16, 29) | 18 (15, 24) | – | 16 (14, 20) | 18 (15, 20) | 17 (15, 20) | 16 (14, 19) |
| No. of cigarettes/d | – | 2 (1, 5) | 1 (1, 2) | 3 (2, 5) | 15 (10, 20) | – | 5 (2, 20) | 2 (1, 3) | 4 (2, 6) | 15 (10, 20) |
| Median HbA1c (%) | 8.37 (6.82, 10.66) | 8.46 (6.82, 10.75) | 8.83 (7, 11.03) | 8.74 (7, 10.84) | 8.37 (6.82, 10.93) | 8.46 (6.82, 10.48) | 8.1 (6.73, 10.29) | 8.83 (7, 10.75) | 8.65 (6.91, 10.75) | 9.01 (7, 10.84) |
| < 7 HbA1c (%) | 2923 (27.26%) | 688 (27.54%) | 271 (24.95%) | 323 (24.96%) | 112 (30.03%) | 442 (28.44%) | 914 (31.79%) | 287 (24.59%) | 435 (26.4%) | 236 (24.06%) |
| 7–10 HbA1c (%) | 4243 (39.57%) | 985 (39.43%) | 420 (38.67%) | 510 (39.41%) | 135 (36.19%) | 626 (40.28%) | 1157 (40.24%) | 461 (39.5%) | 639 (38.77%) | 386 (39.35%) |
| > 10 HbA1c (%) | 3558 (33.18%) | 825 (33.03%) | 395 (36.37%) | 461 (35.63%) | 126 (33.78%) | 486 (31.27%) | 804 (27.97%) | 419 (35.9%) | 574 (34.83%) | 359 (36.6%) |
| Weight (kg) | 67.28 (± 13.42) | 69.91 (± 14.38) | 71.37 (± 14.71) | 70.34 (± 14.79) | 72.53 (± 14.97) | 75.22 (± 13.41) | 75.38 (± 13.22) | 76.52 (± 13.95) | 74.98 (± 13.21) | 76.17 (± 14.24) |
| Height (cm) | 149.37 (± 6.17) | 150.47 (± 6.24) | 150.79 (± 6.3) | 151.85 (± 6.16) | 153.19 (± 6.59) | 162.84 (± 6.85) | 163.07 (± 6.93) | 163.44 (± 7) | 163.54 (± 6.81) | 165.42 (± 7.26) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.11 (± 5.51) | 30.84 (± 5.87) | 31.38 (± 6.27) | 30.46 (± 5.89) | 30.9 (± 6.17) | 28.34 (± 4.58) | 28.32 (± 4.57) | 28.61 (± 4.9) | 28 (± 4.51) | 27.84 (± 5.28) |
| Systolic Pressure (mmHg) | 135.62 (± 18.87) | 135 (± 18.84) | 131.24 (± 18) | 131.42 (± 18.33) | 131.27 (± 17.43) | 133.75 (± 17.74) | 134.85 (± 18.38) | 131.63 (± 17.33) | 132.2 (± 17.43) | 131.46 (± 17.6) |
| Diastolic Pressure (mmHg) | 85.63 (± 11.14) | 85.79 (± 11.64) | 84.57 (± 10.93) | 83.73 (± 10.47) | 83.56 (± 11.16) | 86.12 (± 11.08) | 86.11 (± 11.17) | 85.48 (± 10.89) | 85.41 (± 11.15) | 84.99 (± 11.01) |
| Biguanides (%) | 1467 (13.68%) | 319 (12.77%) | 137 (12.62%) | 181 (13.99%) | 44 (11.8%) | 195 (12.55%) | 373 (12.97%) | 130 (11.14%) | 176 (10.68%) | 114 (11.62%) |
| Sulfonylureas (%) | 5441 (50.74%) | 1263 (50.56%) | 521 (47.97%) | 605 (46.75%) | 169 (45.31%) | 729 (46.91%) | 1501 (52.21%) | 541 (46.36%) | 788 (47.82%) | 453 (46.18%) |
| Insulin (%) | 564 (5.26%) | 175 (7.01%) | 53 (4.88%) | 80 (6.18%) | 21 (5.63%) | 74 (4.76%) | 115 (4%) | 44 (3.77%) | 63 (3.82%) | 34 (3.47%) |