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. 2024 Sep 2;12:60. doi: 10.1186/s40462-024-00497-3

Table 2.

The results of linear regression of body mass (Mb) against year by species, including changes between 1964 and 2020 and mean Mb for those which showed no significant change

Species Gradient (m) Intercept (b) Adjusted R² Standard error of residuals F P Mean Mb (g) Δ Mb (%)
A. pratensis < 0.001 18.15 0.00 1.39 0.00 0.99 17.87 -0.06
E. rubecula -0.016 49.19 < 0.01 1.69 15.75 < 0.01 -5.20
O. oenanthe 0.113 -198.17 0.21 3.77 13.98 < 0.01 27.38
P. collybita -0.007 20.80 0.00 0.78 6.64 0.01 -4.53
P. modularis -0.017 54.16 0.03 1.72 26.1 < 0.01 -4.43
P. phoenicurus 0.005 4.57 < 0.01 1.37 0.83 0.36 14.36 1.94
P. trochilus* -0.007 23.04 0.02 1.288 25.32 < 0.01 -4.34
 S. atricapilla* 0.004 11.90 < 0.01 2.01 0.79 0.37 18.95 1.05
S. borin* 0.002 14.92 < 0.01 1.94 0.08 0.7788 18.84 0.58
C. communis* 0.009 -2.62 < 0.01 1.79 13.41 < 0.01 3.37
S. vulgaris 0.009 61.41 < 0.01 4.19 0.11 0.75 79.42 0.64
T. iliacus* -0.060 180.34 0.02 3.41 14.16 < 0.01 -5.28
T. merula -0.136 368.08 0.08 8.07 312.30 < 0.01 -7.64
T. philomelos -0.140 352.11 0.15 5.89 100.50 < 0.01 -10.24
T. troglodytes* -0.020 48.89 0.10 1.323 66.74 < 0.01 -11.04

* Species where regressions were conducted using robust standard errors due to heteroscedasticity