Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of cohorts 1 year before index event.
| Variables |
Before Matching | After Matching | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients in 2020-2022 | % | Patients in 2017-2019 | % | P-Value | Std diff. | Patients in 2020-2022 | % | Patients in 2017-2019 | % | P-Value | Std diff. | |
| N | 31,113 | 100.0% | 17,445 | 100.0% | 17,204 | 100.0% | 17,204 | 100.0% | <0.001 | 0.60 | ||
| Current Age | 17.9 ± 4.7 | – | 19.4 ± 4.9 | – | <0.001 | 0.31 | 16.7 ± 4.8 | – | 19.6 ± 4.7 | – | <0.001 | 0.60 |
| Age at Index | 15.3 ± 4.7 | – | 13.9 ± 4.9 | – | <0.001 | 0.30 | 14.1 ± 4.8 | – | 14.0 ± 4.7 | – | 0.48 | 0.01 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 24,481 | 78.7% | 12,951 | 74.2% | <0.001 | 0.11 | 12,855 | 74.7% | 12,896 | 75.0% | 0.61 | 0.01 |
| Male | 6,227 | 20.0% | 4,396 | 25.2% | <0.001 | 0.12 | 4,251 | 24.7% | 4,210 | 24.5% | 0.61 | 0.01 |
| Unknown | 405 | 1.3% | 98 | 0.6% | <0.001 | 0.08 | 98 | 0.6% | 98 | 0.6% | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 22,026 | 70.8% | 12,890 | 73.9% | <0.001 | 0.07 | 12,755 | 74.1% | 12,677 | 73.7% | 0.34 | 0.01 |
| Unknown Ethnicity | 5,286 | 17.0% | 2,354 | 13.5% | <0.001 | 0.10 | 2,354 | 13.7% | 2,345 | 13.6% | 0.89 | 0.00 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 3,801 | 12.2% | 2,201 | 12.6% | 0.20 | 0.01 | 2,095 | 12.2% | 2,182 | 12.7% | 0.16 | 0.02 |
| Race | ||||||||||||
| White | 20,989 | 67.5% | 11,839 | 67.9% | 0.36 | 0.01 | 11,786 | 68.5% | 11,699 | 68.0% | 0.31 | 0.01 |
| Black or African American | 2,287 | 7.4% | 1,463 | 8.4% | <0.001 | 0.04 | 1,351 | 7.9% | 1,406 | 8.2% | 0.28 | 0.01 |
| Other Race | 1,756 | 5.6% | 1,040 | 6.0% | 0.15 | 0.01 | 989 | 5.7% | 1030 | 6.0% | 0.35 | 0.01 |
| Asian | 998 | 3.2% | 560 | 3.2% | 0.99 | <0.001 | 539 | 3.1% | 548 | 3.2% | 0.78 | 0.00 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 31,113 | 100.0% | 17,445 | 100.0% | -- | -- | 17,204 | 100.0% | 17,204 | 100.0% | -- | -- |
| Mood [affective] disorders | 14,307 | 46.0% | 7,038 | 40.3% | <0.001 | 0.11 | 6,965 | 40.5% | 7,037 | 40.9% | 0.43 | 0.01 |
| GAD | 7,571 | 24.3% | 3,333 | 19.1% | <0.001 | 0.13 | 3,299 | 19.2% | 3,333 | 19.4% | 0.64 | 0.01 |
| OCD | 1,968 | 6.3% | 967 | 5.5% | 0.001 | 0.03 | 888 | 5.2% | 967 | 5.6% | 0.06 | 0.02 |
| Panic disorder | 1672 | 5.4% | 754 | 4.3% | <0.001 | 0.05 | 740 | 4.3% | 754 | 4.4% | 0.71 | 0.00 |
| Specific phobia | 2065 | 6.6% | 1079 | 6.2% | 0.05 | 0.02 | 1,017 | 5.9% | 1,079 | 6.3% | 0.16 | 0.02 |
| PTSD | 2700 | 8.7% | 990 | 5.7% | <0.001 | 0.12 | 939 | 5.5% | 990 | 5.8% | 0.23 | 0.01 |
| Adjustment disorders | 1395 | 4.5% | 672 | 3.9% | 0.001 | 0.03 | 627 | 3.6% | 672 | 3.9% | 0.20 | 0.01 |
| Personality disorders | 1,071 | 3.4% | 467 | 2.7% | <0.001 | 0.04 | 389 | 2.3% | 466 | 2.7% | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Borderline personality disorder | 856 | 2.8% | 357 | 2.0% | <0.001 | 0.05 | 316 | 1.8% | 357 | 2.1% | 0.11 | 0.02 |
| Gender dysphoria | 989 | 3.2% | 329 | 1.9% | <0.001 | 0.08 | 313 | 1.8% | 329 | 1.9% | 0.52 | 0.01 |
| ADHD | 4,551 | 14.6% | 2,352 | 13.5% | 0.001 | 0.03 | 2,281 | 13.3% | 2,350 | 13.7% | 0.28 | 0.01 |
| Autism | 2514 | 8.1% | 1,514 | 8.7% | 0.02 | 0.02 | 1,497 | 8.7% | 1,514 | 8.8% | 0.75 | 0.00 |
| Substance use disorder | 2298 | 7.4% | 946 | 5.4% | <0.001 | 0.08 | 849 | 4.9% | 944 | 5.5% | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Cannabis use disorder | 1375 | 4.4% | 599 | 3.4% | <0.001 | 0.05 | 535 | 3.1% | 599 | 3.5% | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Alcohol use disorder | 474 | 1.5% | 224 | 1.3% | 0.03 | 0.02 | 201 | 1.2% | 224 | 1.3% | 0.26 | 0.01 |
| Opioid use disorder | 117 | 0.4% | 56 | 0.3% | 0.33 | 0.01 | 40 | 0.2% | 54 | 0.3% | 0.15 | 0.02 |
| Nicotine use disorder | 813 | 2.6% | 246 | 1.4% | <0.001 | 0.09 | 218 | 1.3% | 246 | 1.4% | 0.19 | 0.01 |
| Other stimulant use disorders | 110 | 0.4% | 53 | 0.3% | 0.36 | 0.01 | 39 | 0.2% | 53 | 0.3% | 0.14 | 0.02 |