TABLE 2.

CI Results and the Associated SDs (100 bootstrap sets) for Risk Stratification Models on the Basis of Various Clinicopathologic and ML-Driven Features

Data	Row	Risk Score	Follow-Up After Surgery/Radiation. Censor: BCR	Follow-Up After Surgery/Radiation. Censor: Death
Clinicopathologic data	1	Biopsy GS	0.63 ± 0.07	0.68 ± 0.10
	2	Clinical T stage	0.56 ± 0.07	0.64 ± 0.10
	3	Preop PSA	0.57 ± 0.06	0.60 ± 0.08
	4	Preop PSA, biopsy GS	0.64 ± 0.07	0.68 ± 0.09
	5	Preop PSA, biopsy GS, clinical T stage	0.66 ± 0.07	0.71 ± 0.10
	6	Pathologic T stage	0.69 ± 0.05	0.79 ± 0.09
	7	Pathologic T stage, clinical T stage	0.70 ± 0.06	0.81 ± 0.08
	8	GS from TMA cores	0.66 ± 0.07	0.74 ± 0.10
	9	GS from RP	0.70 ± 0.06	0.82 ± 0.07
ML	10	Handcrafted H&E	0.69 ± 0.08	0.68 ± 0.09
	11	CNN H&E	0.72 ± 0.06	0.72 ± 0.10
	12	Handcrafted Ki-67	0.66 ± 0.07	0.67 ± 0.09
	13	CNN Ki-67	0.68 ± 0.07	0.70 ± 0.09
	14	Handcrafted H&E, Ki-67	0.71 ± 0.07	0.70 ± 0.10
	15	CNN H&E, Ki-67	0.74 ± 0.08	0.75 ± 0.09
Postsurgical	16	CAPRA-S	0.68 ± 0.06	0.80 ± 0.09
	17	CAPRA-S, handcrafted H&E	0.71 ± 0.07	0.82 ± 0.09
	18	CAPRA-S, CNN H&E	0.73 ± 0.07	0.83 ± 0.09
	19	CAPRA-S, handcrafted Ki-67	0.69 ± 0.06	0.81 ± 0.08
	20	CAPRA-S, CNN Ki-67	0.71 ± 0.06	0.82 ± 0.10
	21	CAPRA-S, handcrafted H&E, Ki-67	0.73 ± 0.07	0.83 ± 0.08
	22	CAPRA-S, CNN H&E, Ki-67	0.76 ± 0.07	0.85 ± 0.09

NOTE. Preop represents measurements before RP. Bold values indicate highest numbers in each column.

Abbreviations: BCR, biochemical recurrence; CAPRA-S, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment Post-Surgical; CI, concordance index; CNN, convolutional neural network; GS, Gleason score; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; ML, machine learning; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; RP, radical prostatectomy; SD, standard deviation; TMA, tissue microarray.