Figure 4.

Schematic representation of the involvement of precursors in plant–pathogen interactions.

Various plant pro-peptides and pro-enzymes can be generated and activated in response to specific pathogens. A single precursor can exhibit a wide range of effects, making it effective against multiple pathogens. Active peptides/enzymes that improve plant resistance are depicted in turquoise, and those that increase susceptibility are shown in red. All peptides/enzymes mentioned belong to A. thaliana except for Systemin, HypSys, ZIP1, and StAP1/3, which belong to S. lycopersicum, Z. mays, and S. tuberosum, respectively.