Table 2. Patients in the CHAMPS Cohort With Neurological Involvement Before Death or Neurological ICD-10 Diagnoses Included in the Chain of Events Leading to Death, According to DeCoDe Panelsa.
| Site | No. of patients | Neurological sign, No. (%) of patients with neurological involvement | ICD-10 diagnosis, No. (%) of patients with neurological involvement | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any symptom | Seizures at presentation | Seizures during hospitalization | Loss of consciousness | Altered mental status | Meningeal signs | Perinatal asphyxia | Neonatal encephalopathy | Meningo-encephalitis | Cerebral malaria | ||
| All sites | |||||||||||
| Total | 1330 | 727 (54.7) | 206 (26.5) | 301 (33.7) | 170 (16.6) | 472 (45.8) | 30 (11.0) | 287 (21.6) | 66 (5.0) | 135 (10.2) | 68 (5.1) |
| Neonates | 801 | 400 (49.9) | 75 (15.8) | 174 (30.0) | 77 (12.6) | 262 (43.3) | 12 (6.2) | 286 (35.7) | 64 (8.0) | 91 (11.4) | 0 |
| Infants | 253 | 155 (61.3) | 50 (37.9) | 58 (39.5) | 39 (20.5) | 99 (50.0) | 8 (20.5) | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 29 (11.5) | 11 (4.3) |
| Children | 276 | 172 (62.3) | 81 (48.2) | 69 (41.6) | 54 (24.3) | 111 (48.9) | 10 (25.6) | 0 | 0 | 15 (5.4) | 57 (20.7) |
| Bangladesh | |||||||||||
| Total | 157 | 70 (44.6) | 18 (15.4) | 24 (22.6) | 5 (3.7) | 57 (42.9) | 0 | 94 (59.9) | 15 (9.6) | 3 (1.9) | 0 |
| Neonates | 154 | 68 (44.2) | 18 (15.5) | 23 (22.3) | 5 (3.8) | 56 (43.1) | 0 | 94 (61.0) | 15 (9.7) | 3 (1.9) | 0 |
| Infants | 2 | 2 (100) | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 1 (50) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Children | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ethiopia | |||||||||||
| Total | 68 | 30 (44.1) | 2 (3.4) | 2 (4.1) | 7 (11.9) | 27 (47.4) | 2 (5.4) | 18 (26.5) | 2 (2.9) | 28 (41.2) | 0 |
| Neonates | 59 | 25 (42.4) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (4.5) | 5 (9.6) | 22 (44.9) | 1 (2.9) | 18 (30.5) | 2 (3.4) | 23 (39.0) | 0 |
| Infants | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (100) | 0 |
| Children | 7 | 5 (71.4) | 1 (25.0) | 0 | 2 (40.0) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (33.3) | 0 | 0 | 3 (42.9) | 0 |
| Kenya | |||||||||||
| Total | 231 | 139 (60.2) | 58 (47.2) | 59 (44.7) | 43 (30.5) | 78 (51) | 5 (11.6) | 19 (8.2) | 2 (0.9) | 4 (1.7) | 35 (15.2) |
| Neonates | 80 | 40 (50.0) | 14 (31.8) | 16 (34.0) | 7 (15.9) | 20 (41.7) | 3 (7.0) | 19 (23.8) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | 0 |
| Infants | 77 | 53 (68.8) | 18 (46.2) | 21 (47.7) | 20 (38.5) | 33 (57.9) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.3) | 8 (10.4) |
| Children | 74 | 46 (62.2) | 26 (65.0) | 22 (53.7) | 16 (35.6) | 25 (52.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 17 (23.0) |
| Mali | |||||||||||
| Total | 77 | 41 (53.2) | 10 (16.9) | 9 (14.1) | 12 (19.0) | 33 (53.2) | 4 (16.0) | 11 (14.3) | 6 (7.8) | 6 (7.8) | 1 (1.3) |
| Neonates | 49 | 24 (49.0) | 3 (8.1) | 5 (11.4) | 6 (14.6) | 18 (46.2) | 1 (4.0) | 11 (22.4) | 6 (12.2) | 2 (4.1) | 0 |
| Infants | 16 | 10 (62.5) | 4 (26.7) | 1 (9.1) | 4 (30.8) | 8 (61.5) | 2 (8.0) | 0 | 0 | 2 (12.5) | 0 |
| Children | 12 | 7 (58.3) | 3 (42.9) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (22.2) | 7 (70.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0 | 0 | 2 (16.7) | 1 (8.3) |
| Mozambique | |||||||||||
| Total | 278 | 164 (59.0) | 40 (16.9) | 49 (20.9) | 58 (23.9) | 134 (55.6) | 12 (13.3) | 64 (23.0) | 7 (2.5) | 5 (1.8) | 15 (5.4) |
| Neonates | 170 | 92 (54.1) | 16 (11.4) | 26 (17.8) | 35 (24.5) | 79 (55.6) | 3 (3.3) | 64 (37.6) | 7 (4.1) | 3 (1.8) | 0 |
| Infants | 37 | 23 (62.2) | 5 (16.1) | 5 (17.9) | 4 (12.5) | 19 (57.6) | 2 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.7) | 1 (2.7) |
| Children | 71 | 49 (69.0) | 19 (29.2) | 18 (30.0) | 19 (27.9) | 36 (54.5) | 7 (7.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 14 (19.7) |
| Sierra Leone | |||||||||||
| Total | 154 | 74 (48.1) | 39 (43.3) | 38 (42.7) | 23 (18.0) | 34 (27.0) | 2 (40.0) | 30 (19.5) | 1 (0.6) | 13 (8.4) | 27 (17.5) |
| Neonates | 52 | 22 (42.3) | 8 (21.6) | 16 (41.0) | 3 (7.9) | 7 (19.4) | 1 (20.0) | 30 (57.7) | 1 (1.9) | 8 (15.4) | 0 |
| Infants | 36 | 16 (44.4) | 9 (50.0) | 7 (36.8) | 8 (25.0) | 10 (31.2) | 1 (20.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (11.1) | 2 (5.6) |
| Children | 66 | 36 (54.5) | 22 (62.9) | 15 (48.4) | 12 (20.7) | 17 (29.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 25 (37.9) |
| South Africa | |||||||||||
| Total | 365 | 209 (57.3) | 39 (41.9) | 120 (54.8) | 22 (8.6) | 109 (42.2) | 5 (8.2) | 51 (14.0) | 33 (9.0) | 76 (20.8) | 0 |
| Neonates | 237 | 129 (54.4) | 15 (30.0) | 86 (54.8) | 16 (9.9) | 60 (37.3) | 3 (4.9) | 49 (20.7) | 31 (13.1) | 48 (20.3) | 0 |
| Infants | 83 | 51 (61.4) | 14 (51.9) | 23 (56.1) | 3 (5.2) | 28 (47.5) | 2 (3.3) | 2 (2.4) | 2 (2.4) | 21 (25.3) | 0 |
| Children | 45 | 29 (64.4) | 10 (62.5) | 11 (52.4) | 3 (8.3) | 21 (55.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 (15.6) | 0 |
Abbreviations: CHAMPS, Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance; DeCoDe, Determination of Cause of Death; ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision.
a
A complete case analysis approach was used for each sign and diagnosis.