Table 3.
The PAW effects on the levels of serum biochemical parameters in quails
| Parameters | Treatment groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | PAW-1 | PAW-2 | SEM | F | P value | |
| H2O2 (mM/L) | 0.51b | 0.96a | 0.60b | 0.09 | 6.148 | 0.015 |
| TAC (mM/L) | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 1.042 | 0.383 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 1.93 | 2.60 | 2.45 | 0.19 | 3.606 | 0.059 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 3.02b | 5.45a | 3.78b | 0.27 | 21.321 | < 0.001 |
| Globulin (g/dL) | 1.09b | 2.85a | 1.33ab | 0.42 | 5.194 | 0.019 |
| A/G ratio | 1.85 | 1.42 | 1.91 | 0.34 | 0.627 | 0.548 |
| ALT (U/L) | 9.17 | 7.17 | 8.17 | 1.67 | 0.356 | 0.707 |
| AST (U/L) | 10.00 | 10.17 | 11.33 | 1.86 | 0.152 | 0.861 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.69a | 0.23b | 0.29b | 0.08 | 9.997 | 0.003 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 22.55a | 12.43b | 14.07b | 1.71 | 10.048 | 0.003 |
n = 6 replicates/group (18 birds/ group; one male and 2 females per cage); for blood biochemical measures only 6 birds/ group (3males and 3 females) were used. TAC: Total antioxidant capacity; A/G: albumin/ globulin ratio; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase
a−b Means with different superscripts in the same row indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 (general linear model followed by Tukey post-hoc test)