Table 2.
Primary Aim 1 Results With Prenatal Cortisol Output
| Predictor | Outcome | OR or β | SE | 95% CI | B (SE) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Preconception perceived stress | Temperament profile: regulated low reactive | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Temperament profile: regulated high reactive | 1.00 | 0.05 | [0.90, 1.11] | −0.04 (0.11) | .68 | |
| Temperament profile: inhibited | 0.92 | 0.06 | [0.80, 1.05] | −0.08 (0.07) | .22 | |
| Temperament profile: exuberant | 1.24 | 0.13 | [1.02, 1.52] | 0.22(0.10) | .04** | |
| Preconception perceived stress | Prenatal perceived stress | 0.36 | 0.09 | [0.18,0.53] | 0.43 (0.12) | <.001*** |
| Prenatal cortisol output | −0.14 | 0.15 | [−0.42, 0.15] | −0.09 (0.09) | .36 | |
| Prenatal perceived stress | Prenatal cortisol output | 0.20 | 0.13 | [−0.05, 0.45] | 0.11 (0.07) | .11 |
| Temperament profile: regulated low reactive | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Temperament profile: regulated high reactive | 1.04 | 0.05 | [0.95, 1.15] | 0.04 (0.06) | .41 | |
| Temperament profile: inhibited | 1.09 | 0.06 | [0.98, 1.21] | 0.08 (0.05) | .14 | |
| Temperament profile: exuberant | 0.82 | 0.09 | [0.67, 1.01] | −0.20(0.10) | .06** | |
| Prenatal cortisol output | Temperament profile: regulated low reactive | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Temperament profile: regulated high reactive | 0.96 | 0.10 | [0.77, 1.18] | −0.04 (0.11) | .68 | |
| Temperament profile: inhibited | 1.07 | 0.13 | [0.84, 1.36] | 0.07 (0.12) | .58 | |
| Temperament profile: exuberant | 1.55 | 0.32 | [1.04, 2.31] | 0.44 (0.20) | .03* | |
|
| ||||||
| Indirect effects | B | SE | p | |||
|
| ||||||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → regulated high reactive | 0.02 | 0.02 | .42 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → inhibited | 0.04 | 0.03 | .18 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → exuberant | −0.09 | 0.05 | .10 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → regulated high reactive | 0.00 | 0.01 | .69 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → inhibited | −0.01 | 0.01 | .67 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → exuberant | −0.04 | 0.04 | .39 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → regulated high reactive | 0.00 | 0.01 | .70 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → inhibited | 0.00 | 0.01 | .59 | |||
| Preconception perceived stress → prenatal perceived stress → prenatal cortisol output → exuberant | 0.02 | 0.02 | .29 | |||
Note. All models adjusted for length of gestation, maternal education, and birth order. CI = confidence interval.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .10.
***
p < .001.