TABLE 3.
Factors associated with bacteriological confirmation of TB diagnosis among patients treated for TB at the Sandaun Provincial Hospital, West Sepik Province, PNG, 2016–2021.
| Total (n = 1,245) | Clinical (n = 780) | Bacteriological (n = 465) | OR | 95% CI | P-value | aOR | 95% CI | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 613 (49) | 374 (48) | 239 (51) | 1.00 | |||||
| Female | 632 (51) | 406 (52) | 226 (49) | 0.87 | (0.69–1.10) | 0.24 | |||
| Age range, years | |||||||||
| 0–4 | 160 (13) | 159 (20) | 1 (0) | 0.006 | (0.00–0.04) | <0.001 | 0.005 | (0.00–0.03) | <0.001 |
| 5–14 | 159 (13) | 140 (18) | 19 (4) | 0.13 | (0.08–0.22) | <0.001 | 0.15 | (0.08–0.28) | <0.001 |
| 15–24 | 311 (25) | 147 (19) | 164 (35) | 1.08 | (0.78–1.49) | 0.66 | 0.98 | (0.66–1.45) | 0.90 |
| 25–34 | 275 (22) | 135 (17) | 140 (30) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 35–44 | 159 (13) | 86 (11) | 73 (16) | 0.82 | (0.55–1.21) | 0.32 | 0.88 | (0.54–1.42) | 0.60 |
| 45–64 | 156 (12) | 99 (13) | 57 (12) | 0.55 | (0.37–0.83) | 0.004 | 0.49 | (0.30–0.78) | 0.003 |
| ≥65 | 25 (2) | 14 (2) | 11 (2) | 0.76 | (0.33–1,73) | 0.51 | 0.78 | (0.28–2.18) | 0.64 |
| Travel time to BMU | |||||||||
| 0–<1 h | 773 (62) | 483 (62) | 290 (62) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 1–<2 h | 233 (19) | 139 (18) | 94 (20) | 1.13 | (0.83–1.52) | 0.44 | 0.90 | (0.61–1.32) | 0.59 |
| 2–<3 h | 116 (9) | 72 (9) | 44 (10) | 1.02 | (0.68–1.52) | 0.93 | 1.10 | (0.64–1.89) | 0.73 |
| ≥3 h | 118 (10) | 82 (11) | 36 (8) | 0.73 | (0.48–1.11) | 0.142 | 0.58 | (0.34–0.97) | 0.039 |
| Site of TB disease | |||||||||
| PTB | 860 (69) | 401 (51) | 459 (99) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| EPTB | 377 (30) | 372 (48) | 5 (1) | 0.01 | (0.00–0.03) | <0.001 | 0.01 | (0.00–0.03) | <0.001 |
| PTB+EPTB | 5 (1) | 5 (1) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Category of TB | |||||||||
| New | 1,104 (89) | 712 (92) | 392 (85) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Retreatment | 133 (11) | 61 (8) | 72 (15) | 2.14 | (1.49–3.08) | 0.0000 | 1.59 | (1.00–2.51) | 0.050 |
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; aOR = adjusted OR; PNG = Papua New Guinea; BMU = basic management units; PTB = pulmonary TB; EPTB = extrapulmonary TB.