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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 4.
Published in final edited form as: Birth Defects Res. 2024 Aug;116(8):e2390. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2390

TABLE 1 |.

Population characteristics among non-pregnant and non-lactating women of reproductive age, 18–49 years, Ambala District, Haryana, India.

Characteristic n (unweighted) Weighted (%) 95% CI
Total 775
Age (years)
  18–29 249 31.3 28.0, 34.9
  30–39 307 39.8 36.1, 43.6
  40–49 219 28.9 25.5, 32.5
Religion
  Hinduism 693 88.9 86.6, 90.8
  Islam 22 2.9 1.9, 4.4
  Sikhism 60 8.2 6.5, 10.3
Caste
  General 229 29.1 26.2, 32.1
  Scheduled (caste, tribe) 279 33.2 30.4, 36.2
  Other backward classes 267 37.7 34.8, 40.7
Education
  None 160 22.5 19.3, 26.0
  Primary 155 21.7 18.7, 25.1
  Secondary 291 37.8 34.1, 41.6
  Higher secondary and above 137 18.0 15.3, 21.0
  Missing 32
Occupation
  Earning 248 32.0 28.5, 35.7
  Non-earning 513 68.0 64.3, 71.5
  Missing 14
Marital status
  Never married 109 13.6 11.2, 16.3
  Married 620 79.8 76.5, 82.7
  Divorced/widowed/separated 46 6.6 4.9, 8.9
Parity
  Nulliparous 145 18.0 15.4, 21.1
  Primiparous 79 10.1 8.0, 12.6
  Multiparous 551 71.9 68.4, 75.2
Diet
  Vegetarian 670 85.4 82.4, 88.0
  Eggetarian 36 4.7 3.4, 6.6
  Non-vegetarian 69 9.8 7.7, 12.5
Having a ration card
  Yes 755 97.1 95.3, 98.2
  No 20 2.9 1.8, 4.7
Ration card category
  Below poverty line 277 36.2 32.8, 39.7
  Above poverty line 477 60.9 57.2, 64.4
  No ration card 20 2.9 1.8, 4.7
  Missing 1
PDS wheat purchase
  Yes 497 65.0 61.4, 68.4
  No 255 32.1 28.8, 35.6
  No ration card 20 2.9 1.8, 4.7
  Missing 3
Folic acid supplement use
  Yes 23 3.4 2.2, 5.3
  No 752 96.6 94.7, 97.8
Vitamin B12 supplement use
  Yes 20 2.5 1.6, 4.0
  No 755 97.5 96.0, 98.4

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; PDS, public distribution system.