Wazni 2003.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial
Participants	108 patients with symptomatic AF/AFL were enrolled. 49 were arranged to PV‐LAJ‐CTI ablation group, and 59 to PV‐LAJ ablation group. Age: 54+/‐11 years in PV‐LAJ disconnection + CTI ablation group (group 1), and 55+/‐11 years in PV‐LAJ disconnection alone group (group 2). % of male: 41/49 (84%) in group 1, and 47/59 (80%) in group 2. Follow‐up: 12 months. Location: Rotondo, Italy.
Interventions	PV‐LAJ ablation group: ICE‐gruded mapping and ablation of all PV ostia was performed with the use of a 10F, 64‐element, phased‐array ultrasound‐imaging catheter (AcuNave, Acuson) introduced through an 11Fsheath through the left femoral vein. A decapolar Lasso catheter (Biosense) was used for circular mapping and isolation of all PVs. Ablation was extended to the PV antrum in front of the tube like portion of the PVs. Radiofrequency energy was delivered with the use of a cool‐tipped ablation catheter (EP Technologies). Energy delivery was titrated, with the operator watching for microbubble formation. PV‐LAJ+CTI ablation group: PV‐LAJ ablation sees PV‐LAJ ablation group. CTI block: Radiofrequency ablation was performed under anatomic and electrogram guidance. existence of double potentials along the ablation line was proved to be separated by >=100 ms during sinus rhythm. Bidirectional block by pacing from both sides of the ablation line was also assessed (coronary sinus ostium and lateral isthmus [7 o'clock position in 60° left anterior oblique]).
Outcomes	Sinus rhythm restored, recurrence of AF, AFL. Complications
Notes	PV‐LAJ ablation: pulmonary vein‐left atrium junctional ablation; CTI: cavotricuspid isthmus isolation.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient detail was provided.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	B‐Unclear. The authors did not depict allocation concealment method.
Blinding	High risk	Blinding was not reported.
Incomplete outcome data addressed	High risk	There were no patients withdrawn or lost to follow up.
Adequate sequence generation	Unclear risk	It was not addressed.