Table 3.
Development of CVDRFs Mediates the Association Between Anxiety and/or Depression and 10-Year Risk of MACE in the Overall Population and Across Subgroups Stratified by Age and Sex
| Predictor | Mediator | Outcome | Subgroup | N | Direct Pathway (ie, excluding CVDRFs developed) |
Indirect Pathway (ie, mediated by CVDRFs developed) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P Value | β (95% CI) | Percentage | P Value | |||||
| Anxiety and/or depression | Number of CVDRFs developed | MACE | All patientsa | 30,248 | 0.2040 (0.0928-0.3152) | 0.003 | 0.0440 (0.0342-0.0547) | 17.7% | <0.05 |
| Younger femaleb | 8,159 | 0.1912 (−0.1318;0.5143) | 0.2459 | 0.0544 (0.0143-0.0924) | 22.1% | <0.05 | |||
| Younger maleb | 5,268 | 0.2128 (−0.1290;0.5546) | 0.2223 | 0.0402 (0.0104-0.0754) | 16.6% | <0.05 | |||
| Older femaleb | 9,844 | 0.1504 (−0.0108;0.3115) | 0.0674 | 0.0207 (0.0067-0.0.358) | 12.1% | <0.05 | |||
| Older maleb | 6,977 | 0.0357 (−0.1637;0.2352) | 0.7257 | 0.0069 (−0.0152;0.0293) | NA | >0.05 | |||
Boldface values represent statistical significance (P < 0.05).
CVDRF = cardiometabolic cardiovascular risk factor; MACE = major adverse cardiovascular event; β = log-odds.
Analysis is adjusted for the components of the primary model (age, sex, pre-existing CVDRFs, lifestyle factors, and smoking)
Analyses are adjusted for pre-existing CVDRFs, lifestyle factors, and smoking. Lifestyle factors: body mass index, insomnia, and physical activity. CVDRFs: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus. “Younger” and “older” was defined according to the median age for each sex. For patients who develop CVDRFs, only MACE occurring after development of the new CVDRFs are considered.