Table 1. Batch numbers, type of material, and composition of the materials used in this study.

Material (manufacturers) and batch numbers	Type of material	Composition
FUJI XI® (GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium), LOT 210118A	High-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (self-curing)	Alumino-fluoro-silicate glass, polyacrylic acid, distilled water, polybasic carboxylic acid
Ketac™ Molar (3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA), LOT 76577296	High-viscosity glass-ionomer cement	Al-Ca-La fluorosilicate glass, 5% copolymer acid (acrylic and maleic acid), polyalkenoic acid, tartaric acid, water
Equia™ Capsule (GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium), LOT 201222A	High-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (self-curing)	Polyacrylic acid, aluminosilicate glass, distilled water
FUJI II® (GC Europe, Leuven, Belgium), LOT 201117A	Low-viscosity resin-modified glass ionomer cement (light-curing)	Aluminosilicate glass, water, polyacrylic acid, HEMA and UDMA
Clinpro™ Sealant (3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA), LOT 00226146	Low-viscosity resin-based sealant	TEGDMA, BDGDA, tetrabutylammonium, tetrafluoroborate, silane-treated silica

GIC glass-ionomer cement; RM-GIC, resin-modified GIC; RBS, resin-based sealant; FC, Flowable composite; HEMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; UDMA, Diurethane dimethacrylate; TEGDMA, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; BDGDA, bisphenol a diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate.