Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of included randomised controlled trials
| Ref. | Country | Patients, n Remi vs. Pro |
Age (years) Remi vs. Pro |
ASA status | Surgery | Flumazenil | Induction dose Remi vs. Pro |
Maintenance dose Remi vs. Pro |
| Zhang et al.24 | China | 30 vs. 29 | 74.3 ± 10.6 vs. 75.0 ± 9.9 a |
II - III | Hip arthroplasty | Yes | 0.2 to 0.4 mg kg–1 vs. 1.5 to 2 mg kg–1 |
0.3 to 0.5 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 4 to 8 mg kg–1 h–1 |
| Yang et al.25 | China | 147 vs. 153 | 68 (65 to 71) vs. 68 (65 to 71) b |
I - III | Mixed orthopaedics | No | 0.2 to 0.3 mg kg–1 vs. 1 to 1.5 mg kg–1 |
According to BIS |
| Duan et al.26 | China | 30 vs. 30 | 67.8 ± 3.2 vs. 68.7 ± 2.9 a |
I - III | Hip arthroplasty | No | 0.2 to 0.4 mg kg–1 vs. 1.5 to 2 mg kg–1 |
0.3 to 0.5 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 4 to 8 mg kg–1 h–1 |
| Kuang et al.27 | China | 42 vs. 42 | 65.4 ± 3.9 vs. 65.2 ± 4.4 a |
I - III | Lobectomy | No | 0.3 mg kg–1 vs. 2 mg kg–1 |
0.6 to 1.2 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 2 to 10 mg kg–1 h–1 |
| So et al.28 | South Korea | 42 vs. 39 | 74.5 (70 to 78.3) vs. 76 (70 to 81) b |
I - III | Cholecystectomy | Yes | 6 mg kg–1 vs. 1 to 1.5 mg kg–1 |
1 to 2 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 100 μg kg–1 ml–1 |
| Toyota et al.29 | Japan | 20 vs. 19 | 80 (79 to 83) vs. 81 (79 to 82) b |
II - III | Spine | Yes | 12 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 3 μg ml–1 |
According to BIS |
| Jeon et al.30 | South Korea | 60 vs. 62 | 70.9 ± 4.3 vs. 71.5 ± 4.3 a |
I - III | Cholecystectomy TURBT | Yes | 6 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 4 μg ml–1 |
1 - 2 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 2.5 - 4 μg mL–1 |
| He et al.31 | China | 28 vs. 29 | 70.3 ± 4.1 vs. 70.8 ± 3.5 a |
II - III | Mixed Transurethral | No | 6 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 60 mg kg–1 h–1 |
0.5 - 2 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 4 to 10 mg kg–1 h–1 |
| Kim et al.32 | South Korea | 23 vs. 22 | 73 (65 to 86) vs. 68 (65 to 82) b |
I - II | Mixed | No | 6 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 4 μg ml–1 |
0.8 to 1.2 mg kg–1 h–1 vs. 2.5 to 3 μg ml–1 |
| Xu et al.33 | China | 30 vs. 30 | 69.9 ± 4.3 vs. 68.6 ± 3.3 a |
I - II | Lower limbs | No | 0.2 mg kg–1 vs. 1.5 mg kg–1 |
- |
| Gao et al.34 | China | 20 vs. 20 | 67.2 ± 4.4 vs. 67.2 ± 4.4 a |
II - III | Carotid endarterectomy | No | 0.3 mg kg–1 vs. 1.5 to 2 mg kg–1 |
- |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiology; BIS, bispectral index; Pro, propofol; Remi, remimazolam; TURBT, transurethral resection of bladder tumour.
a
Mean ± standard deviation.
b
Median (interquartile range).