Figure 1.

Associations between genetically predicted six DNAm phenotypes and menopause (age at onset) examined by three MR methods. DNAm, DNA methylation; Hannum, DNA methylation Hannum age acceleration; IEAA, Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration; Gran, DNA methylation-estimated granulocyte proportions; GrimAgeAccel, DNA methylation GrimAge acceleration; PhenoAgeAccel, DNA methylation PhenoAge acceleration; DNAmPAIadjAge, DNA methylation-estimated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels; MR, Mendelian randomization; IVW, inverse-variance weighted; WM, weighted median; CI, confidence interval.