Table 2.

The risk factors for cataract at pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic.

General Characteristics	OR	95% CI		p-value
		Lower	Upper
Total
Sex (female)	1.404	1.319	1.494	< 0.001*
Age (> 60 years)	14.489	13.386	15.684	< 0.001*
Hypertension	1.608	1.506	1.717	< 0.001*
Diabetes	1.573	1.455	1.701	< 0.001*
Dyslipidemia	1.167	1.091	1.249	< 0.001*
Stroke	1.272	1.105	1.463	< 0.001*
MDD	1.567	1.391	1.765	< 0.001*
COVID-19 pandemic	1.161	1.091	1.235	< 0.001*
Aerobic physical activity	0.820	0.769	0.874	< 0.001*
Income
Lower				0.732
Middle-lower	0.962	0.883	1.047	0.367
Middle-upper	0.958	0.880	1.043	0.323
Upper	0.983	0.903	1.071	0.699
Pre-COVID-19
Sex (female)	1.437	1.327	1.557	< 0.001*
Age (> 60 years)	14.971	13.518	16.580	< 0.001*
Hypertension	1.641	1.509	1.785	< 0.001*
Diabetes	1.542	1.394	1.706	< 0.001*
Dyslipidemia	1.144	1.048	1.249	0.003*
Stroke	1.075	0.900	1.284	0.424
MDD	1.558	1.337	1.815	< 0.001*
Aerobic physical activity	0.837	0.772	0.909	< 0.001*
Income
Lower				0.137
Middle-lower	1.042	0.936	1.161	0.452
Middle-upper	0.922	0.827	1.029	0.147
Upper	1.020	0.915	1.137	0.718
Post-COVID-19
Sex (female)	1.357	1.228	1.498	< 0.001*
Age (> 60 years)	13.816	12.183	15.668	< 0.001*
Hypertension	1.552	1.397	1.725	< 0.001*
Diabetes	1.626	1.436	1.841	< 0.001*
Dyslipidemia	1.203	1.081	1.340	0.001*
Stroke	1.700	1.346	2.147	< 0.001*
MDD	1.577	1.303	1.909	< 0.001*
Aerobic physical activity	0.788	0.711	0.874	< 0.001*
Income				0.038*
Lower	1 (ref)
Middle-lower	0.845	0.736	0.970	0.017*
Middle-upper	1.009	0.882	1.156	0.892
Upper	0.925	0.806	1.062	0.270

MDD Major depressive disorder, *p < 0.05.