Table 3.
Prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval) for malfunction status of IADL: determined by Poisson regression analysis
| Variables | n | Prevalence of IADL disability, n (%) | Crude model | Model 1 | Model 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | |||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 88 | 15 (17.0) | 1.55 (0.77–3.13) | 1.77 (0.92–3.42) | 1.78 (0.93–3.42) |
| Physical frailty | 49 | 11 (22.4) | 2.09 (1.04–4.20) | 0.88 (0.47–1.67) | 0.78 (0.42–1.45) |
| Depression | 18 | 7 (38.9) | 3.44* (1.69–7.01) | 2.47* (1.30–4.71) | 1.90 (0.89–4.05) |
| Cognitive decline | 30 | 11 (36.7) | 3.85* (1.99–7.47) | 1.31 (0.60–2.89) | 1.41 (0.65–3.05) |
| Low muscle strength | 55 | 16 (29.1) | 4.55* (2.07–9.99) | 2.85* (1.30–6.27) | 2.56 (1.15–5.68) |
Model 1: adjusted for propensity score (including age, gender, use of insulin, HbA1c, BMI, self-rated health, smoking status, physical activity level, academic history, economic condition, living status, other comorbidities). Model 2: Model 1 + score of Lubben Social Network Scale-6
IADL instrumental activities of daily living, PR prevalence ratio, CI confidence interval
*P < 0.01 (Bonferroni correction was used to adjusted the level of significance from 0.05 to 0.05/5 = 0.01)