Table 3.

Association of demographic/clinical features with depression and anxiety in GO patients.

Clinical feature	Correlation with depression	Correlation with anxiety	Key findings
Age	No correlation	–	Depression not significantly associated with age in GO patients (13, 21, 72)
Sex	No relation	–	Depression not significantly associated with sex in GO patients (13, 21, 72)
GO/GD duration	No relation	–	No significant association between depression and GO/GD duration (13)
Reported stressful life events 6 months prior to GO onset	Positive correlation	Positive correlation	Reported stressful life events correlate with higher depression and anxiety levels in GO patients (73)
GO Severity (EUGOGO)	Conflicting results	Conflicting results	Some studies show association, others do not (13, 72, 73, 80)
GO Activity (CAS score)	Conflicting results	Conflicting results	Some studies show association, others do not (13, 73, 81)
Exophthalmos	Conflicting results	Conflicting results	Mixed findings on the association between exophthalmos and depression/anxiety (13, 73, 80)
Diplopia	No relation	No relation	No significant association between diplopia and depression/anxiety (13, 80)
Orbital decompression surgery	Significantly improved depression	Significantly improved anxiety	Significantly improved depression and anxiety (86)