Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics | N(%) | Surgical units | Non-surgical units |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | 119 | 61 (51.3) | 58 (48.7) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 62 (16) | 58(13.7) | 65(17.4) | 0.02 |
| Male | 74 (62.2) | 33 (54.1) | 41 (70.7) | 0.62 |
| Famale | 45 (37.8) | 28 (45.9) | 17 (29.3) | |
| BMI, mean (SD), (kg/m2) | 24.5 (3.6) | 24.6 (3.5) | 24.2 (3.9) | 0.59 |
| Smoking | 41 (34.5) | 26 (42.6) | 15 (25.9) | 0.05 |
| History of Drinking | 16 (13.4) | 10 (16.4) | 6 (10.3) | 0.33 |
| Length of stay, mean (SD), day | 19 (31) | 29.1 (39.8) | 8.7 (12.1) | < 0.001 |
| NYHA classification | ||||
| I | 2 (1.7) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| II | 34 (28.6) | 25 (41.0) | 9 (15.5) | |
| III | 43 (36.1) | 30 (49.2) | 13 (22.4) | |
| IV | 39 (32.8) | 4 (6.6) | 35 (60.3) | |
| V | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Previous surgery | 41 (34.5) | 23 (37.7) | 18 (31.0) | 0.44 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| CAD | 68 (57.1) | 29 (47.5) | 39 (67.2) | 0.03 |
| Hypertension | 72 (60.5) | 38 (62.3) | 34 (58.6) | 0.68 |
| Diabetes | 25 (21) | 9 (14.8) | 16 (27.6) | 0.86 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 61 (51.3) | 32 (52.5) | 29 (50.0) | 0.79 |
| AMI | 27 (22.7) | 3 (4.9) | 24 (41.4) | < 0.001 |
| OMI | 24 (20.2) | 9 (14.8) | 15 (25.9) | 0.13 |
| Renal insufficiency | 19 (16.0) | 2 (3.3) | 17 (29.3) | < 0.001 |
| COPD | 4 (3.4) | 2 (3.3) | 2 (3.4) | 0.96 |
| Stroke | 22 (18.5) | 8 (13.1) | 14 (24.1) | 0.12 |
| Arrhythmias | 51 (42.9) | 17 (27.9) | 34 (58.6) | 0.001 |
| HF | 46 (38.7) | 9 (14.8) | 37 (63.8) | < 0.001 |
| Past medication | ||||
| Statin | 26 (21.8) | 8 (13.1) | 18 (31.0) | 0.02 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 20 (16.8) | 9 (14.8) | 11 (19.0) | 0.54 |
| β-Blocker | 27 (22.7) | 14 (23.0) | 13 (22.4) | 0.94 |
| Aspirin | 29 (24.4) | 15 (24.6) | 14 (24.1) | 0.95 |
| Clopidogrel | 23 (19.3) | 8 (13.1) | 15 (25.9) | 0.08 |
| Diuretic | 26 (21.8) | 10 (16.4) | 16 (27.6) | 0.14 |
| Anticoagulants | 14 (11.8) | 5 (8.2) | 9 (15.5) | 0.22 |
| Antidiabetic drugs | 8 (6.7) | 3 (4.9) | 5 (8.6) | 0.42 |
| Calcium antagonist | 10 (8.4) | 6 (9.8) | 4 (6.9) | 0.56 |
| Insulin | 5 (4.2) | 4 (6.6) | 1 (1.7) | 0.19 |
| Cholesterol-lowering drugs | 2 (1.7) | 0 | 2 (3.4) | |
| EF | 48.8 (15.8) | 56.2 (12.4) | 41.2 (15.3) | < 0.001 |
| LVEDd | 54.0 (12.6) | 52.1 (13.7) | 55.9 (11.2) | 0.12 |
Abbreviations BMI, body mass index; NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class; CAD, coronary artery disease; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; OMI, old myocardial infarct; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF, heart failure; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; EF, ejection fraction; LVEDd, left ventricular end diastolic diameter