Table 1.
Full Sample N = 1150 |
Early Adolescence (11–12) N = 351 |
Middle Adolescence (13–14) N = 362 |
Late Adolescence (15–19) N = 437 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||
Variables | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
Social Trust | ||||||||
Adolescent T1 | 3.17 | 0.87 | 3.36 | 0.85 | 3.15 | 0.88 | 3.04 | 0.86 |
Adolescent T2 | 3.09 | 0.84 | 3.21 | 0.86 | 3.11 | 0.85 | 2.97 | 0.81 |
Mother T2 | 3.13 | 0.67 | 3.10 | 0.64 | 3.12 | 0.69 | 3.15 | 0.69 |
| ||||||||
Compassion | ||||||||
Adolescent T1 | 4.12 | 0.59 | 4.20 | 0.49 | 4.10 | 0.60 | 4.08 | 0.64 |
Adolescent T2 | 4.10 | 0.59 | 4.11 | 0.57 | 4.09 | 0.57 | 4.11 | 0.64 |
Mother T1 | 4.22 | 0.45 | 4.28 | 0.42 | 4.22 | 0.47 | 4.19 | 0.45 |
Mother T2 | 4.18 | 0.43 | 4.19 | 0.42 | 4.17 | 0.44 | 4.19 | 0.43 |
| ||||||||
Caution | ||||||||
Adolescent T1 | 4.12 | 0.62 | 4.18 | 0.59 | 4.06 | 0.65 | 4.12 | 0.43 |
Adolescent T2 | 4.12 | 0.64 | 4.13 | 0.63 | 4.12 | 0.61 | 4.13 | 0.68 |
Mother T1 | 4.06 | 0.49 | 4.08 | 0.50 | 4.09 | 0.47 | 4.01 | 0.49 |
Mother T2 | 3.96 | 0.45 | 3.97 | 0.44 | 3.94 | 0.46 | 3.98 | 0.46 |
| ||||||||
Democratic Parenting | ||||||||
Adolescent T1 | 3.64 | 0.89 | 3.83 | 0.87 | 3.54 | 0.92 | 3.57 | 0.88 |
Adolescent T2 | 3.55 | 0.90 | 3.50 | 0.94 | 3.53 | 0.86 | 3.60 | 0.88 |
Mother T1 | 4.16 | 0.49 | 4.17 | 0.51 | 4.14 | 0.49 | 4.18 | 0.48 |
Mother T2 | 4.20 | 0.51 | 4.23 | 0.54 | 4.20 | 0.48 | 4.18 | 0.49 |
| ||||||||
Demographics | ||||||||
Male | 0.46 | -- | 0.49 | -- | 0.44 | -- | 0.44 | -- |
White | 0.80 | -- | 0.79 | -- | 0.78 | -- | 0.84 | -- |
Black | 0.11 | -- | 0.11 | -- | 0.14 | -- | 0.08 | -- |
Hispanic | 0.05 | -- | 0.06 | -- | 0.05 | -- | 0.03 | -- |
Other | 0.04 | -- | 0.04 | -- | 0.03 | -- | 0.05 | -- |
Mothers’ Edu. | 2.99a | 0.96 | 2.98 | 0.92 | 2.94 | 1.01 | 3.04 | 0.94 |
| ||||||||
Other Controls | ||||||||
Friendship | 4.21 | 0.65 | 4.26 | 0.61 | 4.17 | 0.69 | 4.20 | 0.64 |
School | 2.94 | 0.88 | 3.31 | 0.81 | 2.88 | 0.87 | 2.70 | 0.84 |
Neighborhood | 3.53 | 0.80 | 3.76 | 0.77 | 3.47 | 0.86 | 3.40 | 0.73 |
Note. Descriptive statistics are reported from the EM dataset.
SD = Standard Deviation. Standard deviations not shown for proportions.
Mothers’ education measured on a 5-point scale.