Fig. 3.

Illustration of the loading conditions on the hemipelvis. The muscle attachment sites (a) are connected to a corresponding reference point (RP) using a coupling constraint (b). The directions of the muscle force (c) and the magnitude of the involved muscles forces at the reference points and/or hip reaction force is illustrated for loading condition standing up (L-SU) (d) and loading condition of gait step 2 (L-GS2) (e)