Fig. 7.

Number of articles by (A) outcome category and (B) outcome evaluation time. Outcome types for coral ecological outcomes and physical outcomes (A) are colored by the outcome directionality and faceted by whether the outcome is ecological (top panel) or physical (bottom panel). Outcome directionality (e.g., positive and negative) does not infer statistical significance. Outcome evaluation times (B) are relative to built structure construction, where time periods are the number of years following construction. Some articles contained more than one outcome, so articles can appear in more than one category within each panel. “N/A” indicates the number of articles where the outcome evaluation time period was unspecified