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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Early Adolesc. 2023 Dec 22;44(8):1023–1048. doi: 10.1177/02724316231223531

Table 2.

Factors that Relate Most Closely to School Misbehavior for Ninth Grade Boys and Girls (RQ1) Based on Estimates from a Linear Regression Model with Standard Errors Clustered at the School and Squared Semipartial Correlations (SemiP^2).

Model 1: Boys
Model 2: Girls
B (SE) SemiP^2 B (SE) SemiP^2
Contextual Contributors to School Misbehavior
Region (ref=Midwest): 0.0003 0.0008**
 Northeast 0.00 (0.05) −0.09* (0.04)
 South 0.05 (0.04) −0.01 (0.03)
 West 0.01 (0.05) 0.01 (0.04)
Urbanicity (ref=Suburban): 0.0000 0.0001
 City 0.01 (0.04) 0.03 (0.03)
 Town −0.10* (0.05) −0.01 (0.04)
 Rural −0.05 (0.03) −0.07* (0.03)
School type (ref=Public): 0.0000 0.0000
 Catholic −0.17** (0.05) −0.19*** (0.05)
 Other private 0.02 (0.07) 0.05 (0.06)
Percent students eligible for free or reduced lunch 0.00
0.00
(0.00) 0.0005 0.00 (0.00) 0.0016*
 Percent student Black 0.00 (0.00) 0.0000 0.00 (0.00) 0.0002
 Percent students Latinx 0.00 (0.00) 0.0003* 0.00 (0.00) 0.0002
 Percent students Asian 0.00 (0.00) 0.0003* 0.00 (0.00) 0.0001
 Negative peer climate 0.01 (0.02) 0.0003* 0.02 (0.02) 0.0001
Adolescents’ Negative Experiences
 With teachers 0.14*** (0.01) 0.0159*** 0.12*** (0.01) 0.0139***
 With math course placement 0.02 (0.02) 0.0008** 0.04* (0.02) 0.0010***
 With achievement 0.51*** (0.02) 0.1461*** 0.44*** (0.02) 0.1320***
Constant 0.14** (0.04) −0.14*** (0.05)

Source: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, “The High School Longitudinal Study of 2009” 2009.

Note: The results for the predictors with the two largest squared semipartial correlations (SemiP^2) for boys and girls are bolded.

***

p < 0.001

**

p < 0.01

*

p < 0.05.