Table 1.
Characteristics of cases and controls at baseline
| Cases | Controls | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 195 | N = 396 | ||||
| Age, years | 57.3 | (9.2) | 57.7 | (9.6) | .674 |
| Age 40–54 | 73 | (37.4) | 142 | (35.9) | .777 |
| Male gender | 126 | (64.6) | 240 | (60.6) | .252 |
| White ethnicity | 151 | (77.4) | 302 | (76.3) | .700 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Current smoker | 67 | (34.4) | 116 | (29.3) | .322 |
| Ex-smoker | 39 | (20.0) | 74 | (18.7) | |
| Never smoker | 89 | (45.6) | 206 | (52.0) | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 134.4 | (16.3) | 132.6 | (15.7) | .185 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 81.5 | (9.7) | 80.3 | (10.6) | .191 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.8 | (5.8) | 28.0 | (5.1) | .718 |
| Diabetes | 6 | (3.1) | 8 | (2.0) | .294 |
| Statins, prior to NHSHC | 22 | (11.3) | 40 | (10.1) | .584 |
| Lipids | |||||
| Total-cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.6 | (1.1) | 5.5 | (1.1) | .180 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.4 | (.9) | 3.3 | (.9) | .239 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.4 | (.4) | 1.4 | (.4) | .167 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8 | (1.3) | 1.7 | (1.0) | .719 |
| Total cholesterol: HDL ratio | 4.4 | (1.4) | 4.1 | (1.2) | .011 |
| Average QRISK2 score | 12.6 | (7.3) | 11.6 | (7.7) | .171 |
| QRISK2 grouping | |||||
| High risk (≥10) | 120 | (61.5) | 209 | (52.8) | .128 |
| Intermediate risk (5–10) | 42 | (21.5) | 102 | (25.8) | |
| Low risk (<5) | 33 | (16.9) | 85 | (21.4) | |
Quantitative (continuous) values are presented as mean (standard deviation) while categorical values are presented as number (percentage).
CVD, cardiovascular disease; MI, myocardial infarction; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery.
P-values (α = .05) are from Student's t-test for continuous data and a χ2 test for categorical data.