Table 1.
Descriptive statistics from the baseline survey.
| Baseline measure | Study sample (N=2068) | Population of UPa students (N=39,392) | |||
| Identify as female gender, n (%) | 1378 (66.6) | 18,639 (47.3) | |||
| Race or ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Hispanic ethnicity | 162 (7.8) | 3029 (7.7) | ||
|
|
Non-Hispanic Black | 56 (2.7) | 1713 (4.3) | ||
|
|
Non-Hispanic White | 1433 (69.3) | 25,674 (65.2) | ||
|
|
Non-Hispanic Asian | 307 (14.8) | 2651 (6.7) | ||
|
|
Other and multiple race categories | 110 (5.3) | 6325 (16.1) | ||
| Class standing, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Lower undergraduates (first or second year) | 1039 (50.2) | 18,192 (46.2) | ||
|
|
Upper undergraduates (third year or later) | 1025 (49.6) | 21,200 (53.8) | ||
|
|
Foreign-born student, n (%) | 284 (13.7) | 3988 (10.1)b | ||
|
|
First-generation student, n (%) | 348 (16.8) | 6621 (16.8) | ||
|
|
In-state student status, n (%) | 1330 (64.3) | 23,289 (59.1) | ||
|
|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 19.8 (1.3) | —b | ||
| Employment status, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Full-time | 20 (1.0) | — | ||
|
|
Part-time | 771 (37.3) | — | ||
|
|
Not employed | 1234 (59.7) | — | ||
|
|
Sexual or gender minority, n (%) | 361 (17.5) | — | ||
|
|
Engaged with Greek system, n (%) | 286 (13.8) | — | ||
|
|
Food insecure (past month), n (%) | 395 (19.1) | — | ||
|
|
Housing insecure (past month), n (%) | 170 (8.2) | — | ||
|
|
Past-month alcohol use, n (%) | 1316 (63.6) | — | ||
|
|
Past-month heavy episodic drinking, n (%) | 419 (20.3) | — | ||
|
|
Past-month vaping, n (%) | 372 (18.0) | — | ||
|
|
Past-month cigarette use, n (%) | 127 (6.1) | — | ||
|
|
Past-month cannabis use, n (%) | 378 (18.3) | — | ||
|
|
High school GPAc, median (IQR) | 3.9 (0.4) | — | ||
|
|
Cumulative college GPA, mean (SD) | 3.5 (0.4) | — | ||
|
|
Antiracism behavior: scale of 21-105, mean (SD) | 67.7 (15.6) | — | ||
|
|
General experiences of discrimination: scale of 1=almost daily to 6=never, mean (SD) | 4.85 (0.9) | — | ||
|
|
Depression: scale of 0-30, mean (SD) | 11.0 (6.4) | — | ||
|
|
General anxiety: scale of 0-4, mean (SD) | 1.40 (1.0) | — | ||
|
|
Social anxiety: scale of 0-24, mean (SD) | 8.5 (6.0) | — | ||
|
|
ADHDd symptoms: scale of 0-6, mean (SD) | 2.5 (1.8) | — | ||
|
|
Social responsiveness: scale of 5.7-181.5, mean (SD) | 49.4 (25.6) | — | ||
|
|
Flourishing: scale of 8-56, mean (SD) | 45.3 (7.4) | — | ||
|
|
Closeness with caregivers: scale of 0-100, mean (SD) | 74.0 (20.7) | — | ||
aUP: University Park.
bNot applicable.
cGPA: grade point average.
dADHD: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.