Table 2.
Influence of altitude, maternal age and geographical distance on HELLP syndrome incidence
| Variables | Independent variable analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-value | OR | 95% C.I. OR | p-value | OR | 95% C.I. OR | ||
| Ethnicity a | Afro-Ecuadorian | 0.969 | 0.99 | 0.47–2.07 | 0.043 | 2.18 | 1.03–4.63 |
| Montubio | 0.495 | 0.50 | 0.07–3.66 | 0.932 | 1.09 | 0.15–8.05 | |
| Mestizo | < 0.001 | 0.48 | 0.33–0.69 | 0.082 | 0.72 | 0.50–1.04 | |
| Caucasian | 0.988 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.00 | 0.989 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.00 | |
| Altitude b | 1500–3500 | < 0.001 | 2.92 | 2.32–3.66 | < 0.001 | 2.79 | 2.19–3.55 |
| > 3500 | < 0.001 | 3.72 | 2.71–5.12 | < 0.001 | 3.61 | 2.58–5.03 | |
|
Maternal Age |
< 0.001 | 1.04 | 1.02–1.05 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | 1.01–1.04 | |
|
Geographical Distance |
< 0.001 | 1.22 | 1.15–1.29 | < 0.001 | 1.27 | 1.20–1.35 | |
| Ratio of Doctors c | < 0.001 | 6.01 | 3.70–9.75 | < 0.001 | 6.82 | 4.00–11.65 | |
Notes (a) In these variables, Indigenous Ecuadorians were considered as a reference. (b) In altitude, the group of women living < 1500 m.a.s.l. were considered as a reference. (c) The ratio of doctors corresponds to the number of doctors per delivery by considering the women’s cantons. This variable was log-transformed after inclusion in the model. In the independent variable analysis, each OR was computed for each variable independently, while in the multivariate analysis, the OR comprised all of the variables’ effects