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. 2024 Aug 8;16(8):e66452. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66452

Table 4. The risk of bias assessment for the included trials based on the ROB2 tool (n = 8).

D1: randomization process; D2: deviations from intended interventions; D3: missing outcome data; D4: measurement of the outcome; D5: selection of the reported result

Study D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 Overall
Peck et al. [12,13] Some concerns High High Low Some concerns High
Begum et al. [31] Some concerns Low Low Low Some concerns Some concerns
Ghanei et al. [32] Some concerns Low Low Low Some concerns Some concerns
Lahiji et al. [33] High Low Low Low Some concerns High
Shayanpour et al. [34] Low Low Low Low Low Low
Heydarbaki et al. [35] Low Low Low Low Low Low
Forouhari et al. [36] Some concerns Low High Low Some concerns High
Rafieipoor et al. [37] Low Low Low Low Low Low