Table 1.

Molarity and osmolarity of NaCl, KCl, mannitol and NMDG gluconate up to 7%

Tonicity	Isotonic	Hypertonic
	DMEM
% NaCl	0.64 %	1%	2%	3%	4%	5%	6%	7%
Molarity	110 mM	170 mM	340 mM	510 mM	680 mM	860 mM	1.03 mM	1.2 M
Osmolarity	219 mOsmol/l	342 mOsmol/l	684 mOsmol/l	1 027 mOsmol/l	1 369 mOsmol/l	1 711 mOsmol/l	2 053 mOsmol/l	2 693 mOsmol/l
% KCl	0.4%	1%	2%	3%	4%	5%	6%	7%
Molarity	50 mM	130 mM	270 mM	400 mM	540 mM	670 mM	800 mM	940 mM
Osmolarity	107 mOsmol/l	268 mOsmol/l	537 mOsmol/l	805 mOsmol/l	1 073 mOsmol/l	1 341 mOsmol/l	1 610 mOsmol/l	1 878 mOsmol/l
% mannitol		1%	2%	3%	4%	5%	6%	7%
Molarity		55 mM	110 mM	170 mM	220 mM	270 mM	330 mM	380 mM
Osmolarity		55 mOsmol/l	110 mOsmol/l	170 mOsmol/l	220 mOsmol/l	270 mOsmol/l	330 mOsmol/l	380 mOsmol/l
% NMDG gluconate		1%	2%	3%	4%	5%	6%	7%
Molarity		50 mM	100 mM	150 mM	200 mM	260 mM	310 mM	360 mM
Osmolarity		342 mOsmol/l	684 mOsmol/l	1 027 mOsmol/l	1 369 mOsmol/l	1 711 mOsmol/l	2 053 mOsmol/l	3 693 mOsmol/l

Tonicity, molarity, and osmolarity of DMEM and 1–7% NaCl, KCl, mannitol and N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG) gluconate. Hypertonic indicated a NaCl solution >0.9%. DMEM has additional inorganic salts (i.e. CaCl₂, MgSO₄, KCl and NaHCO₃) and is considered isotonic.