Table 4.

Purpose of monitoring in IAb⁺ children, adolescents, and adults

1. Primary purpose is to prevent DKA and to minimize the risk of requiring emergency care or hospital admission.
2. Identification for and monitoring of therapeutic intervention(s) to delay stage 3 T1D onset (where available) and prolong β-cell function.
3. To provide advice for the start of insulin in stage 3 T1D, when glucose is sufficiently elevated and before symptoms develop, to optimize HbA1c and avoid the consequences of hyperglycemia on long-term glycemic outcomes.
4. To avoid misdiagnosis of T2D and delayed commencement of insulin therapy.
5. Referral for participation in research studies.

T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes.