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. 2024 Aug 14;11:100124. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100124

Table 2.

Learner use of competencies.

N = 28 % Time Use Skills (Mean/SD) Use in Complex Cases (%)
Received Corrective Feedback (%)
Low Moderate High Low Moderate High
Change-Based Relationships
Bond Task & Goal Alliance 93.3 (10.0) 0 42.9 57.1 4.5 45.5 50.0
Danger of Teach & Tell 80.7 (21.2) 4.8 52.4 42.9 0.0 50.0 50.0
Ask, Listen, Summarize, Invite 85.4 (15.7) 0 52.4 47.6 4.5 40.9 54.5
Nonjudgmental Curiosity 92.3 (10.2) 0 28.6 71.4 4.5 50.0 45.5
Making room for ambivalence 81.6 (20.7) 0 57.1 42.9 4.5 45.5 50.0
Getting to Behaviour
Defining Behaviour 75.6 (28.1) 5.3 78.9 15.8 0.0 55.0 45.0
Introduce structure 48.7 (31.7) 30.0 45.0 25.0 4.5 27.3 68.2
Ask perceives problem 53.8 (36.5) 26.3 42.1 31.6 5.0 35.0 60.0
Ask perceives distress 58.3 (36.5) 21.1 36.8 42.1 4.8 38.1 57.1
Ask goal orientation 56.7 (34.3) 26.3 47.4 26.3 4.8 38.1 57.1
Ask act now 54.2 (32.8) 31.6 36.8 31.6 4.8 28.6 66.7
Gives Feedback 56.7 (33.7) 21.1 47.4 31.6 4.8 38.1 57.1
Yellow Light
Ambivalence & Decisional Balance 59.8 (29.4) 15.0 60.0 25.0 0.0 50.0 50.0
Values Oriented Goals 65.0 (27.2) 15.0 70.0 15.0 14.3 42.9 42.9
Red Light
Remove expectation of change 60.3 (33.0) 21.1 47.4 31.6 4.5 50.0 45.5
Explore health beliefs 61.1 (32.0) 15.8 57.9 26.3 9.1 50.0 40.9
Behaviour Modification
Behaviour analysis 64.4 (30.1) 21.1 52.6 26.3 4.8 47.6 47.6
SMART Goals 77.9 (21.4) 5.3 52.6 42.1 19.0 42.9 38.1
Shaping 66.3 (26.4) 15.8 57.9 26.3 19.0 47.6 33.3
Stimulus Control 60.3 (24.2) 15.8 63.2 21.1 9.5 47.6 42.9
Reinforcement Management 53.3 (25.3) 26.3 57.9 15.8 23.8 46.6 28.6
Cognitive analysis 48.0 (32.6) 52.6 31.6 15.8 9.5 61.9 28.6
Cognitive restructuring 48.0 (30.5) 42.1 36.8 21.1 9.5 61.9 28.6
Mindfulness interventions 55.4 (31.2) 31.6 47.4 21.1 28.6 42.9 28.6
PsychoSocial Determinants
Identify, Educate, Recommend, Support 76.0 (20.6) 0.0 40.0 60.0 4.8 52.4 42.9
Distress/Wellbeing 75.0 (24.0) 0.0 40.0 60.0 9.5 47.6 42.9
Replacing the Function 59.0 (27.0) 20.0 60.0 20.0 14.3 42.9 42.9
4 S's 56.0 (28.2) 26.3 57.9 15.8 28.6 42.9 28.6