Figure 2. Overview of the study population. (a) CONSORT Flow Diagram: A total of 1144 patients were interviewed for this study during their hospital stay in the trauma surgery department between July 2020 and October 2022. Due to pre-existing/diagnosis- or procedure-related complications, 247 patients were excluded from the study. Based on their smoking behavior, they were divided into three different groups. (b) Patients' age is given in years. (c) Patients' BMI is given in kg/m2. (d) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C). (e) Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC). Data displayed as boxplots (Box and Whiskers-Tukey to visualize outliers), significant differences were determined by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a p-value of less than 0.05 considered as statistically significant (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001).
