Table III.
Patient outcomes*
| Total (n = 35,661) | Increasing CCR (n = 15,809) | Decreasing CCR (n = 19,852) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Length of stay, d, mean ± SD | 3.7 ± 5.4 | 3.5 ± 5.2 | 3.9 ± 5.5 | <.01 |
| Patient discharge status | <.01 | |||
| Home | 30,273 (84.9%) | 13,888 (87.8%) | 16,385 (82.5%) | |
| Skilled nursing facility | 994 (2.8%) | 323 (2.0%) | 671 (3.4%) | |
| Intermediate care facility | 263 (0.7%) | 119 (0.8%) | 144 (0.7%) | |
| Home health care | 3,423 (9.6%) | 1,215 (7.7%) | 2,208 (11.1%) | |
| Left against medical advice | 58 (0.2%) | 14 (0.1%) | 44 (0.2%) | |
| Died | 265 (0.7%) | 114 (0.7%) | 151 (0.8%) | |
| Hospice | 205 (0.6%) | 57 (0.4%) | 148 (0.7%) | |
| Inpatient rehabilitation facility | 180 (0.5%) | 79 (0.5%) | 101 (0.5%) | |
| In-hospital mortality | 265 (0.7%) | 114 (0.7%) | 151 (0.8%) | .67 |
| Postoperative complication | 2,815 (7.9%) | 1,217 (7.7%) | 1,598 (8.0%) | .22 |
| Pneumonia | 338 (0.9%) | 150 (0.9%) | 188 (0.9%) | .99 |
| Pleural effusion | 267 (0.7%) | 135 (0.9%) | 132 (0.7%) | .04 |
| Pneumothorax | 262 (0.7%) | 110 (0.7%) | 152 (0.8%) | .44 |
| Respiratory failure | 775 (2.2%) | 341 (2.2%) | 434 (2.2%) | .85 |
| Pulmonary edema | 71 (0.2%) | 36 (0.2%) | 35 (0.2%) | .28 |
| Congestive heart failure | 102 (0.3%) | 44 (0.3%) | 58 (0.3%) | .81 |
| Angina pectoris | 1 (0.0%) | 1 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .26 |
| Myocardial infarction | 80 (0.2%) | 23 (0.1%) | 57 (0.3%) | <.01 |
| Cardiac arrest | 92 (0.3%) | 35 (0.2%) | 57 (0.3%) | .22 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 30 (0.1%) | 12 (0.1%) | 18 (0.1%) | .63 |
| Sepsis | 410 (1.1%) | 163 (1.0%) | 247 (1.2%) | .06 |
| Surgical-site infection | 131 (0.4%) | 65 (0.4%) | 66 (0.3%) | .22 |
| Urinary tract infection | 187 (0.5%) | 92 (0.6%) | 95 (0.5%) | .18 |
| Intestinal infection | 4 (0.0%) | 1 (0.0%) | 3 (0.0%) | .44 |
| Meningitis | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | n/a |
| Pericarditis | 8 (0.0%) | 3 (0.0%) | 5 (0.0%) | .7 |
| Clostridium difficile | 44 (0.1%) | 25 (0.2%) | 19 (0.1%) | .01 |
| Wound breakdown | 95 (0.3%) | 38 (0.2%) | 57 (0.3%) | .39 |
| Postoperative bleeding | 124 (0.3%) | 55 (0.3%) | 69 (0.3%) | 1 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 92 (0.3%) | 51 (0.3%) | 41 (0.2%) | .03 |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 148 (0.4%) | 62 (0.4%) | 86 (0.4%) | .55 |
| Delirium | 91 (0.3%) | 39 (0.2%) | 52 (0.3%) | .78 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 49 (0.1%) | 19 (0.1%) | 30 (0.2%) | .43 |
| Pressure ulcer | 5 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (0.0%) | .05 |
| Acute kidney injury | 771 (2.2%) | 346 (2.2%) | 425 (2.1%) | .76 |
| Septic shock | 11 (0.0%) | 4 (0.0%) | 7 (0.0%) | .59 |
| Arrhythmia | 553 (1.6%) | 244 (1.5%) | 309 (1.6%) | .92 |
CCR, cost-to-charge ratio; n/a, not available; SD, standard deviation.
*
All displayed as n (%) unless specified.