Table 3.
Published reference intervals (RIs) and the new breed-specific RIs. For each breed, the percentage of 20 randomly selected observations falling outside the published RI is reported. Published RIs were rejected when the percentage was >25% at first analysis or >10% in two consecutive analyses of the dataset. When the published RI was rejected, a new RI, reported in bold, was established following the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards 3 and American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology 4 guidelines. Statistical details of the new RIs are reported in the Supplementary Material (Tables S1–S4)
| Published RI |
Abyssinian |
Holy Birman |
Norwegian Forest |
Siberian |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outside RI (%) |
Breed RI | Outside RI (%) |
Breed RI | Outside RI (%) |
Breed RI | Outside RI (%) |
Breed RI | ||
| RBC × 1012/l | 5–10 18 | 40 | 6.0–12.1 | 5 | nn | 25 (30) | 4.5–10.8 | 25 (5) | nn |
| Haemoglobin (g/l) | 80–150 18 | 5 | nn | 0 | nn | 5 (20) | nn | 20 (0) | nn |
| Haematocrit (l/l) | 0.24–0.45 18 | 5 | nn | 30 | 0.28–0.55 | 30 | 0.22–0.55 | 35 | 0.23–0.65 |
| MCV (fl) | 39–55 18 | 60 | 34–53 | 15 (25) | 40–59 | 15 (10) | nn | 25 (25) | 36–60 |
| MCH (pg/cell) | 12.5–17.5 18 | 5 (25) | nn | 5 | nn | 5 | nn | 0 | nn |
| MCHC (g/l) | 310–350 18 | 45 | 288–468 | 60 | 240–400 | 40 | 249–389 | 70 | 239–559 |
| Reticulocyte (%) | <0.4 18 | 0 | nn | 25 (30) | <1.2 | 20 (30) | 0.1–0.8 | 40 | <1.9 |
| Leukocytes × 109/l | 5.5–19.5 18 | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 10 | nn | 5 | nn |
| Neutrophils × 109/l | 2.5–12.5 18 | 5 | nn | 10 | nn | 10 | nn | 5 | nn |
| Basophils × 109/l | 0 18 | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn |
| Band neutrophils × 109/l | <0.3 18 | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn |
| Eosinophils × 109/l | <1.5 18 | 5 | nn | 0 | nn | 5 | nn | 0 | nn |
| Lymphocytes × 109/l | 1/.5–7.0 18 | 15 (15) | 0.9–8.9 | 5 (25) | nn | 30 (10) | nn | 10 | nn |
| Monocytes × 109/l | <0.85 18 | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn |
| Platelets × 109/l | 300–800 18 | 15 (20) | 125–754 | 40 | 61–534 | 50 | 72–603 | 30 | 42–572 |
| Total protein (g/l) | 54–78 17 | 40 | 63–98 | 15 (35) | 62–88 | 10 | nn | 35 | 47–83 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 21–33 17 | 60 | 27–54 | 90 | 29–42 | 55 | 19–55 | 95 | 30–45 |
| Total globulin (g/l) | 26–51 17 | 20 (21) | 30–65 | 10 | nn | 50 | 16–41 | 95 | 14–40 |
| A/G ratio | 0.45–1.19 17 | 15 (29) | 0.44–1.45 | 15 (10) | nn | 55 | 0.47–2.67 | 95 | 1.00–2.84 |
| α1-Globulin (g/l) | 2–11 17 | 60 | 0–5 | 30 | 1–8 | 55 | 1–3 | 100 | 1–3 |
| α2-Globulin (g/l) | 4–9 17 | 100 | 10–27 | 60 | 5–16 | 65 | 1–14 | 0 | nn |
| β1-Globulin (g/l) | 3–9 17 | 0 | nn | 5 | nn | 0 | nn | 55 | 2–7 |
| β2-Globulin (g/l) | 6–10 17 | 70 | 2–10 | 70 | 2–9 | 95 | 1–7 | 100 | 1–9 |
| γ-Globulin (g/l) | 17–44 17 | 75 | 6–23 | 90 | 8–24 | 95 | 3–21 | 100 | 3–13 |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 3.89–6.11 17 | 20 (25) | 3.16–7.54 | 35 | 3.39–9.30 | 5 | nn | 30 (25) | 2.03–8.04 |
| Urea (mmol/l) | 3.33–5.00 17 | 30 | 2.95–7.29 | 45 | 3.57–7.59 | 30 | 2.77–7.25 | 60 | 2.35–7.55 |
| Creatinine (mmol/l) | 70.7–159.1 17 | 15 (0) | nn | 40 | 97.2–221.0 | 0 | nn | 15 (30) | 53.0–221.0 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 2.46–3.37 17 | 75 | 2.69–7.32 | 72 | 1.45–6.52 | 60 | 2.25–6.62 | 35 | 02.58–7.48 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 0.11–1.29 17 | 5 | nn | 5 | nn | 0 | nn | 5 | nn |
| ALT (U/l) | 6–83 17 | 0 | nn | 35 | 23–120 | 5 | nn | 35 | 2–161 |
| GGT (U/l) | <5.1 17 | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 0 | nn | 5 | nn |
| ALP (U/l) | 25–93 17 | 20 (35) | 14–143 | 10 | nn | 70 | 22–505 | 30 | 8–186 |
| Phosphate (mmol/l) | 1.45–2.62 17 | 25 (35) | 1.13–2.07 | 5 (25) | nn | 50 | 0.74–3.55 | 55 | 2.03–3.81 |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 1.55–2.55 17 | 35 | 1.89–3.09 | 0 | nn | 45 | 1.36–3.84 | 20 | 1.59-2.95 |
RBC = red blood cells; MCV = mean cell volume; MCH = mean cell haemoglobin; MCHC = mean cell haemoglobin concentration; A/G ratio: albumin/globulin ratio; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; GGT = γ-glutamyl transferase; ALP = alkaline phosphatase; nn = breed-specific RI not needed